Dambudziko Rekutanga

NDINE vakagamuchira maemail akati wandei, vamwe kubva kuvaKaturike vasina chokwadi chekuti vangapindure sei nhengo dzemhuri "dzeevhangeri", uye vamwe kubva kune vanotenda chokwadi vane chokwadi chekuti Chechi yeKaturike haisi yebhaibheri kana yechiKristu. Tsamba dzinoverengeka dzaive netsananguro refu nei ivo nzwa Rugwaro urwu runoreva izvi uye nei ivo funga chirevo ichi chinoreva kuti. Mushure mekuverenga tsamba idzi, uye nekufunga nguva dzaizotora kupindura kwavari, ndakafunga kuti ndaizotaura panzvimbo ari dambudziko rakakosha: ndiani chaizvo ane mvumo yekududzira Magwaro?

 

CHOKWADI TARISA

Asi ndisati ndaita, isu sevaKaturike tinofanira kubvuma chimwe chinhu. Kubva pakuonekwa kwekunze, uye muchokwadi mumachechi mazhinji, hatiratidzike sevanhu vapenyu mukutenda, tichipisa nekushingairira Kristu uye neruponeso rwemweya, sekunowanzoonekwa mumachechi mazhinji evhangeri. Saka nekudaro, zvinogona kuve zvakaoma kugonesa wechokwadi wechokwadi chechiKaturike kana kutenda kwevaKaturike kazhinji kuchioneka kunge kwakafa, uye Chechi yedu ichibuda ropa kubva mukukanganisa mushure mekunyadzisa. PaMisa, minamato inowanzo gunun'un'una, mimhanzi inowanzo bland kana isiri corny, dzimba dzinoitirwa kazhinji kazhinji dzisina kufemerwa, uye kushungurudzwa kwetembere munzvimbo zhinji kwakapedza Misa yezvose zvisinganzwisisike. Zvakaipisisa, mucherechedzi wekunze anogona kukahadzika kuti ndiJesu chaiye muEucharist, zvichibva pamaitiro emaKatorike kuCommunion sekunge vari kutambira firimu. Chokwadi ndechekuti, Chechi yeKaturike is mune dambudziko. Anoda kuvezve evhangeri, kudzokororwazve, uye kuvandudzwa musimba reMweya Mutsvene. Uye zvakanyatsojeka, inoda kucheneswa kubva mukutsauka kwakapinda mumadziro ayo ekare seutsi hwaSatani.

Asi izvi hazvireve kuti iChechi yenhema. Kana paine chero chinhu, mucherechedzo wekurwiswa kwakasimba uye kwakasimba kwevavengi paBarque yaPeter.

 

KUSVIRA KUNAani?

Pfungwa yakaramba ichipinda mupfungwa dzangu pandakaverenga maemail yaive, "Saka, kududzira kwaani kweBhaibheri kuri kwechokwadi?" Nemasangano anoda kusvika makumi matanhatu ezviuru munyika uye achiverenga, ese ari kuzvidana kudaro ivo ndine monopoly pachokwadi, ndiani waunotenda (tsamba yekutanga yandakagamuchira, kana tsamba yakabva kumurume shure kwaizvozvo?) Ndiri kureva, tinogona kupokana zuva rese nezvekuti chinyorwa chebhaibheri ichi kana icho chinyorwa chinoreva ichi kana icho. Asi isu tinoziva sei pakupera kwezuva kuti kududzirwa chaiko chii? Kunzwa? Kuchenesa kuzodza?

Zvakanaka, izvi ndizvo zvinotaurwa neBhaibheri:

Ziva izvi kutanga kwezvose, kuti hakuna chiporofita cherugwaro icho chiri nyaya yekuzvidudzira wega, nekuti hakuna chiporofita chakambouya kuburikidza nekuda kwevanhu; asi pachinzvimbo vanhu vanofambiswa neMweya Mutsvene vakataura vachifemerwa naMwari. (2 Pet. 1: 20-21)

Rugwaro rwakazara ishoko rechiporofita. Hakuna Magwaro inyaya yedudziro yemunhu. Saka, saka, kududzira kwaani kwayo kwakarurama? Mhinduro iyi ine mhedzisiro yakakomba, nekuti Jesu akati, "chokwadi chinokusunungura." Kuti ndigone kusununguka, ndinofanira kuziva chokwadi kuti ndigone kurarama uye kugara mairi. Kana "chechi A" ikataura, semuenzaniso, kuti kurambana kunotenderwa, asi "kereke B" ichiti hazvibvumirwe, ndeipi kereke iri kugara murusununguko? Kana "chechi A" ichidzidzisa kuti haungarasikirwi neruponeso, asi "chechi B" inoti unogona, ndeipi kereke iri kutungamira mweya kurusununguko? Iyi ndiyo chaiyo mienzaniso, ine chaiyo uye pamwe mhedzisiro yekusingaperi. Asi, mhinduro kumibvunzo iyi inoburitsa kuwanda kwedudziro kubva ku "vatendi-vanotenda bhaibheri" maKristu anowanzoreva zvakanaka, asi achipikisana zvachose.

Kristu akavaka Chechi zvechokwadi here, kusagadzikana uku, kupokana uku?

 

ZVINOKUDZIDZWA NEBHAIBHERI — HERE

Vanodadira vanoti Bhaibheri ndiro chete sosi yezvokwadi yechiKristu. Asi, hapana Rugwaro runotsigira pfungwa yakadaro. Bhaibheri anoita inoti:

Rugwaro rwose rwakafemerwa naMwari uye runobatsira pakudzidzisa, kugadzirisa, kugadzirisa uye kudzidzisa mukururama, kuti uyo ari waMwari ave anokwanisa, akashongedzerwa basa rose rakanaka. (2 Tim. 3: 16-17)

Zvakadaro, izvi hazvitaure chinhu nezvazvo kuva iyo Chete chiremera kana hwaro hwechokwadi, chete kuti hwakafemerwa, uye saka ichokwadi. Zvakare, ndima iyi inonongedzera kuTestamente Yekare sezvo pakanga pasati pa "Testamente Itsva" zvakadaro. Izvo hazvina kunyatso nyorwa kusvika muzana ramakore rechina.

Bhaibheri anoita une chekutaura, zvisinei, nezve chii is nheyo dzechokwadi:

Unofanira kuziva hunhu mumba maMwari, inova kereke yaMwari mupenyu, mbiru nenheyo dzechokwadi. (1 Tim 3:15)

The Chechi yaMwari mupenyu ndiyo mbiru uye hwaro hwechokwadi. Izvo zvinobva muChechi, saka, ndipo panobuda chokwadi, ndiko kuti, iyo Izwi raMwari. “Hekani!” anodaro musimboti. “Saka Shoko raMwari is chokwadi. ” Hongu, zvachose. Asi Izwi rakapihwa kuChechi rakataurwa, kwete rakanyorwa naKristu. Jesu haana kumbobvira anyora pasi izwi rimwe chete (uyezve mazwi ake haana kunyorwa mukunyora kusvika makore anotevera). Izwi raMwari iChokwadi chisina kunyorwa chakatambidzwa naJesu kuvaApostora. Chikamu cheIzwi ichi chakanyorwa pasi mutsamba nemavhangeri, asi kwete zvese. Tinoziva sei? Kune imwe, Rugwaro pacharwo rwunotiudza kuti:

Kune zvimwewo zvakawanda zvimwe zvinhu zvakaitwa naJesu, asi dai izvi zvaizotsanangurwa zvakasiyana, handifunge kuti pasi rese raizove nemabhuku angadai akanyorwa. (Johani 21:25)

Isu tinoziva zvechokwadi kuti kuratidzwa kwaJesu kwakafambiswa nezvose zviri zviviri zvakanyorwa, uye neshoko remuromo.

Ndine zvizhinji zvekukunyorera, asi handidi kunyora nepeni neingi. Asi ndinovimba ndichakuonai nekukurumidza, kana totaura chiso nechiso. (3 Johani 13-14)

Izvi ndizvo zvinodaidzwa neChechi yeKaturike Tsika: zvese zvakanyorwa uye nemuromo chokwadi. Izwi rekuti "tsika" rinobva muchiLatin tsika zvinoreva kuti "kutambidza pasi". Tsika yemuromo yaive chikamu chepakati petsika dzechiJuda uye nemabatirwo aiitwa dzidziso kubva muzana ramakore kusvika zana. Ehezve, anoteedzera anotora Mako 7: 9 kana Col 2: 8 kutaura kuti Rugwaro runoshora Tsika, vachiregeredza chokwadi chekuti mundima idzodzo Jesu aishora mitoro mizhinji yakaiswa pavanhu veIzirairi nevaFarise, kwete Mwari- yakapihwa Tsika yeTestamente Yekare. Dai iwo mavhesi aipomera iyi Tsika yechokwadi, iro Bhaibheri raizove richizvipikisa pacharo:

Naizvozvo, hama, mirai makasimba uye batisisai tsika dzamakadzidziswa, nemuromo wekutaura kana netsamba yedu. (2 VaTesaronika 2:15)

Uye zvekare,

Ndinokurumbidzai nokuti munondirangarira pazvinhu zvose uye muchibatisisa tsika, sezvandakakumikidza kwamuri. (1 VaK. 11: 2). Zivai kuti King James yechiPurotesitendi neshanduro dzeNew American Standard vanoshandisa izwi rekuti “tsika” asi iro rakakurumbira reNIV rinoshandura izwi rekuti “dzidziso” inova dudziro isina tsarukano kubva kwayakatanga, Latin Vulgate.

Tsika inochengetedzwa neChechi inonzi "dhipoziti yekutenda": zvese zvakadzidziswa naKristu nekuzarurirwa kuvaApostora. Vakapihwa mhosva yekudzidzisa iyi Tsika uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti Deposit iyi yakatendeseka kubva pachizvarwa kuenda kuchizvarwa. Vaizviita nemuromo, uye apo neapo netsamba kana tsamba.

Chechi zvakare ine tsika, idzo nenzira kwayo dzinodaidzwa kunzi tsika, zvakanyanya kuita kwevanhu tsika dzemhuri. Izvi zvinosanganisira mitemo yakaitwa nevanhu yakadai sekurega kudya nyama neChishanu, kutsanya nemusi weChitatu weAsh, uye kusaroora kwehupirisita - zvese izvi zvinogona kugadziriswa kana kutopihwa naPope uyo akapihwa simba re "kusunga nekusunungura" ( Mat. 16:19). Tsika Tsvene, zvisinei-iro rakanyorwa uye risina kunyorwa Shoko raMwari-hazvigone kuchinjwa. Naizvozvo, kubvira Kristu paakazivisa Shoko ravo makore zviuru zviviri apfuura, hakuna Pope akamboshandura Tsika iyi, an Mhedziso chipupuriro chesimba reMweya Mutsvene uye vimbiso yekudzivirira kwaKristu kuchengetedza Chechi Yake kubva pamasuwo egehena (ona Mat. 16:18).

 

KUBUDIRIRA KWEVAPOSTORI: BHAIBHERI?

Saka tinosvika padyo nekupindura dambudziko rakakosha: saka ndiani ane mvumo yekududzira Magwaro? Mhinduro yacho inoita senge inozviratidza pachayo: dai vaApostora vari ivo vakanzwa Kristu achiparidza, uyezve vakapiwa mhosva yekupfuudza dzidziso idzodzo, ndivo vanofanirwa kutonga kana chero imwe dzidziso, ingave inotaurwa kana yakanyorwa, iri muchokwadi chokwadi. Asi chii chaizoitika mushure mekufa kweVaapositori? Chokwadi chaizogoverwa sei zvakatendeka kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera?

Tinoverenga kuti Vaapositori vakachaja vamwe varume kupfuudza iyi "Tsika mhenyu." VaKaturike vanodana varume ava kuti "vatsivi" vemuApostora. Asi vanomiririra dzidziso vanoti chinzvimbo chechipostori chakagadzirwa nevarume. Izvo hazvisi izvo zvinotaurwa neBhaibheri.

Mushure mokunge Kristu akwira kudenga, paive kuchine vateveri vashoma vevadzidzi. Mukamuri repamusoro, zana nemakumi maviri vavo vakaungana kusanganisira vaapositori vanegumi nerimwe vakasara. Chekutanga chiito chaive chekuti kutsiva Judhasi.

Zvino vakavapa mijenya kwavari, mujenya ukawira pana Matiasi; akaverengwa pamwe nevaapositori vanegumi neumwe. (Mabasa 1: 26)

Justo, uyo asina kusarudzwa pamusoro paMatiasi, aive achiri muteveri. Asi Matiyasi akaverengerwa pamwe nevaapositori vanegumi nemumwe. Asi nei? Sei uchitsiva Judhasi dai paive nevateveri vanokwana zvakadaro? Nekuti Judhasi, sevamwe gumi nemumwe, akapihwa masimba akasarudzika naJesu, hofisi iyo isina vamwe vadzidzi kana vatendi vaive nayo- kusanganisira amai vake.

Akaverengerwa pakati pedu uye akagoverwa mugove muhushumiri uhu… Mumwe ngaatore hofisi yake. (Mabasa 1:17, 20); Ziva kuti matombo enheyo eJerusarema Idzva muna Zvakazarurwa 21:14 akanyorwa mazita evaapositori gumi nevaviri, kwete gumi nerimwe. Judhasi, zviripachena, aive asiri mumwe wavo, saka saka, Matiyasi anofanira kunge ari iro rebwe regumi nembiri rasara, achizadzisa hwaro hwakavakirwa Chechi yose (cf. vaEfeso. 2:20).

Mushure mekudzika kweMweya Mutsvene, masimba echipostori akapfuudzwa kuburikidza nekuiswa mavoko (ona 1 Tim 4:14; 5:22; (Mabasa. 14:23). Yakanga iri tsika yakasimbiswa, sezvatinonzwa kubva kumutsivi wechina waPeter uyo akatonga panguva iyo Mupositora Johane achiri mupenyu:

Kupfuura nemumaruwa nemuguta [vaapositori] vakaparidza, uye vakagadza vatendeuki vavo vekutanga, vachivaedza neMweya, kuti vave mabhishopi nemadhikoni evatendi venguva yemberi. Kana ichi chaisava chinhu chitsva, nekuti mabhishopi nemadhikoni akange anyorwa nguva refu yapfuura. . . [ona 1 Tim 3: 1, 8; 5:17] Vaapositori vedu vaiziva kuburikidza naIshe wedu Jesu Kristu kuti kuchave nekukakavara pachinzvimbo chebhishopi. Nechikonzero ichi, saka, vagamuchira kufanoziva kwakakwana, vakagadza avo vakatotaurwa uye mushure mavo vakawedzera imwe gadziriro yekuti, kana vakafanira kufa, vamwe varume vanotenderwa vabudirire muhushumiri hwavo. —PAPA ST. KUCHENESWA KWEROMA (80 AD), Tsamba kuvaKorinde 42:4–5, 44:1–3

 

KUBUDIRIRA KWESIMBA

Jesu akapa vaapositori ava, uye zviri pachena vateveri vavo, masimba Ake. 

Ameni, ndinoti kwauri, chese chaunosunga panyika, chichasungwa kumatenga, uye chipi nechipi chaunosunungura panyika, chichasunungurwa kumatenga. (Mat. 18:18)

Uye zvekare,

Avo vane zvivi zvaunokanganwira vanokanganwirwa, uye vane zvivi zvaunochengeta zvinochengetwa. (Johani 20:22)

Jesu anototi:

Ani naani anokuteererai anonditeererawo. Uyo unokuramba iwe unondiramba ini; (Ruka 10:16)

Jesu anoti ani nani anoteerera vaapositori ava nevateveri vavo, anomuteerera! Uye tinoziva kuti izvo zvatinodzidziswa nevarume ava ichokwadi nekuti Jesu akavimbisa kuvatungamira. Achitaura navo vari voga paKudya Kwemanheru Kwokupedzisira, Akati:

… Kana auya, Mweya wechokwadi, achakutungamira kuchokwadi chose. (Johani 16: 12-13)

Hunyoro hwaPapa nemabhishopi kudzidzisa chokwadi "zvisinga tsanangurike" hwakagara hwunzwisiswa muChechi kubva panguva dzapakutanga.

[Ini] ndakafanira kuteerera vatungamiri vari muChechi — avo avo, sekuratidzira kwandakaita, vanotora chinzvimbo kubva kuvaapositori; avo avo, pamwe chete nekuteedzana kwebhishopu, vakagamuchira charism isingakundike yezvokwadi, maererano nemufaro wakanaka waBaba. —St. Irenaeus weLyons (189 AD), Kupikisana neHeresi, 4: 33: 8 )

Ngaticherechedzei kuti iyo tsika, dzidziso, uye nekutenda kweChechi yeKatorike kubva pakutanga, yakapihwa naIshe, yakaparidzwa nevaApostora, uye ikachengetedzwa neMadzibaba. Pane izvi Chechi yakavambwa; uye kana chero munhu akabva pane izvi, haachadi kana kunzi anofanirwa kuve muKristu… —St. Athanasius (360 AD), Tsamba ina kuna Serapion yaThmius 1, 28

 

MHINDURO INOSHAYA

Bhaibheri harina kugadzirwa nemunhu kana kupihwa nengirozi mune yakanaka yakafukidzwa yeganda. Kubudikidza nenzira yekuziva kwakadzama kwakatungamirwa neMweya Mutsvene, vatevedzeri veVaapositori vakasarudza muzana ramakore rechina kuti ndechipi pazvinyorwa zvezuva ravo chaive Tsika Tsvene - "Izwi raMwari" - uye aive asiri manyoro akafuridzirwa echechi. Nekudaro, Evhangeri yaThomas, Mabasa aSt. John, Kukwira kwaMosesi nemamwe mabhuku akati wandei hazvina kumbocheka. Asi mabhuku makumi mana nematanhatu eTestamente Yekare, uye makumi maviri neshanu eiyo Itsva zvaive ne "canon" yeMagwaro (kunyangwe vaPurotesitendi vakazosiya mamwe mabhuku). Vamwe vacho vakatsunga sevasiri veDhipatimendi reKutenda. Izvi zvakasimbiswa neMabhishopi kumakurukota eCarthage (46, 27, 393 AD) naHippo (397 AD). Zvinoshamisa kuti, saka, kuti vanonamata vanoshandisa Bhaibheri, rinova chikamu cheCatholic Tradition, kuramba Katurike.

Zvese izvi kutaura kuti pakange pasina bhaibheri kwemazana mana emakore ekutanga eChechi. Saka dzidziso yevapostori nezvipupuriro zvaiwanikwa kupi mumakore ese iwayo? Wezvenhau wechechi wekutanga, JND Kelly, muPurotesitendi, anonyora kuti:

Mhinduro iri pachena ndeyekuti vaapositori vaive vazvipira nemuromo kuChechi, kwayakaendeswa kubva kuchizvarwa kuenda kuchizvarwa. - Dzidziso dzekutanga dzechiKristu, 37

Nekudaro, zviri pachena kuti vatsivi veVaapositori ndivo ndivo vakapihwa mvumo yekuona izvo zvakagamuchirwa naKristu uye izvo zvisina, zvakavakirwa kwete pamusoro pekutonga kwavo vega, asi pane izvo zvavanazvo vakagamuchira.

Papa haasi mambo akasarudzika, ane pfungwa nezvishuwo zviri pamutemo. Pane kusapindirana, hushumiri hwapapa ndiye anovimbisa wekuteerera kuna Kristu neshoko rake. —PAPA BENEDICT XVI, Homily waMay 8, 2005; San Diego Union-Tribune

Pamwe chete napapa, mabhishopi vanogoveranawo musimba raKristu rekudzidzisa "kusunga nekusunungura" (Matt 18: 18). Tinodaidza ichi chiremera chekudzidzisa "magisterium".

… Magisterium iyi haina kukunda Shoko raMwari, asi mushandi wayo. Inodzidzisa chete izvo zvakagamuchirwa pairi. Pakuraira kwaMwari uye nerubatsiro rweMweya Mutsvene, inoteerera izvi nekuzvipira, inoichengetedza nekuzvipira uye inoitsanangura yakatendeka. Zvese izvo zvinotsvaga zvekutenda sekuzarurirwa naMwari zvinotorwa kubva kune imwechete dhipoziti yekutenda. (Catechism yeChechi yeKaturike, 86)

ivo oga vane mvumo yekududzira Bhaibheri kubudikidza nemusefa weCulture tsika iyo yavakagamuchira kuburikidza nekutevera kwevapositori. Ivo vega pakupedzisira vanoona kuti Jesu airevesa here kana kuti Aitipa Muviri wake neRopa kana chiratidzo chete, kana kuti Aireva kuti tinofanira kureurura zvivi zvedu kumupirisita. Kunzwisisa kwavo, kunotungamirwa neMweya Mutsvene, kwakavakirwa paiyo Tsika Tsvene iyo yakatambidzwa kubva pakutanga.

Saka izvo zvakakosha hazvisi izvo iwe kana ini zvandinofunga kuti chikamu cheMagwaro chinoreva zvakanyanya senge Kristu akati chii kwatiri?  Mhinduro ndeyekuti: isu tinofanirwa kubvunza avo vaakataura kwavari. Rugwaro haizi nyaya yekududzira wega, asi chikamu chekuzarurirwa kwekuti Jesu ndiani uye nezvaakadzidzisa nekutiraira.

Papa Benedict akataura zvakajeka nezve njodzi yekuzvidudzira-kwavo pavakataura kumusangano weEcumenical munguva pfupi yapfuura muNew York:

Dzidziso dzechiKristu dzechinyakare nemaitiro dzimwe nguva zvinoshandurwa mukati memharaunda nezvakanzi "zviito zvechiporofita" izvo zvakavakirwa pahermeneutic [nzira yekuturikira] isingawirirane nguva dzose nedata reMagwaro neTsika. Nharaunda nekudaro dzinosiya kuyedza kuita seboka rakabatana, vachisarudza kuti vashande zvinoenderana nepfungwa ye "sarudzo dzemunharaunda". Pane imwe nzvimbo muchiitiko ichi kudiwa kwe ... kubatana neChechi muzera roga-roga kwakarasika, panguva chaiyo iyo nyika iri kurasikirwa nemabatiro ayo uye inoda humbowo hwakagombedzera kune simba rinoponesa reVhangeri. (cf. vaRoma. 1: 18-23). -PAPA BENEDICT XVI, Chechi yeSt.Joseph, New York, Kubvumbi 18, 2008

Zvichida tinogona kudzidza chimwe chinhu kubva pakuzvininipisa kwaSt. John Henry Newman (1801-1890). Iye anotendeukira kuChechi yeKaturike, uyo mukudzidzisa panguva dzekupedzisira (nyaya yakasvibiswa nemafungiro), inoratidza nzira kwayo yekududzira:

Pfungwa yemunhu chero mumwechete, kunyangwe dai ainyanyo kukodzera kuumba imwe, haigone kuve yechero chiremera, kana kuve yakakosha kuendesa pamberi payo yega; nepo kutongwa nemaonero eKereke yekutanga vachidaidza nekukwezva kwedu kwakanyanya, nekuti kune izvo zvatinoziva vanogona kunge vari muchikamu chakatorwa mutsika dzevaApostora, uye nekuti vanoiswa kumberi zvakanyanya uye zvakaenzana kupfuura izvo zveimwe yevadzidzisi.  —Advent Mharidzo pamusoro paAntikristu, Mharidzo II, "1 Johane 4: 3"

 

Kutanga kuburitswa May 13, 2008.

 

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