Mukadzi neDhiragoni

IT Ndicho chimwe chezvishamiso zvinoenderera mberi munguva dzemazuva ano, uye vazhinji vevaKaturike vanogona kunge vasingazvizive. Chitsauko chechitanhatu mubhuku rangu, Kutarisana kwekupedzisira, inobata nechishamiso chinoshamisa chemufananidzo weMukadzi Wedu weGuadalupe, uye kuti inoenderana sei neChitsauko 12 muBhuku raZvakazarurwa. Nekuda kwenhema dzakapararira dzakagamuchirwa sechokwadi, zvakadaro, yangu yekutanga vhezheni yakagadziridzwa kuratidza iyo akafanirwa zvesainzi zvakakomberedza iyo tilma iyo iyo chifananidzo chinoramba chiri muchinhu chisingatsanangurike. Chishamiso chetilma hachidi kushongedzwa; chinomira choga se “chiratidzo chenguva” huru.

Ini ndakaburitsa Chitsauko Sitanhatu pazasi kune avo vatove nebhuku rangu. Kudhinda Kwechitatu kwave kuwanikwa kune avo vangade kuodha mamwe makopi, ayo anosanganisira ruzivo rwuri pazasi uye chero zvigadziriso zvepa typographical zvakawanikwa.

Ongorora: iwo omuzasi emazasi akaverengwa zvakasiyana pane akadhindwa kopi.

 

 

CHITSAUKO XNUMX: MUKADZI NEDHOKONI

Chiratidzo chikuru chakaonekwa mudenga, mukadzi akapfeka zuva, mwedzi uri pasi petsoka dzake, uye mumusoro wake korona yenyeredzi gumi nembiri. Aive nepamuviri uye achichema zvinonzwika mukurwadziwa sezvo aishanda kuti asununguke. Ipapo chimwe chiratidzo chakabuda mudenga; yakanga iri dhiragoni tsvuku huru, ine misoro minomwe nenyanga gumi, uye pamusoro wayo pakanga pane korona nomwe. Muswe wayo wakakukura chetatu chenyeredzi dzedenga ndokudzikanda pasi. (Zvak. 12: 1-4)

 

ZVINOTANGA

Vaive imwe yetsika dzinoteura ropa pasi pano. Inofungidzirwa kuti maIndia eAztec, mune inozivikanwa seMexico nhasi, vakabayira, pamwe chete neMezzo-america ese, anosvika mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu anogara gore rega rega. ^[1]Woodrow Borah, angangodaro ari anotungamira pamusoro pehuwandu hweMexico panguva yekukunda, akagadzirisa huwandu hunofungidzirwa hwevanhu vakapirwa pakati peMexico muzana ramakore regumi neshanu kusvika mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu pagore. -http://www.sancta.org/patr-unb.html Tsika dzekuteura ropa dzimwe nguva dzaisanganisira kubvisa moyo weakabatwa achiri mupenyu. Ivo vainamata mwari wenyoka Quetzalcoatl uyo wavaidavira kuti anozopedzisira ashandisa zvisina basa. Sezvauchaona, kutenda uku kwaive kwakakosha mukuzotendeuka kwevanhu ivavo.

Yakanga iri pakati peiri rakazara ropa tsika yekufa, muna 1531 AD, kuti "Mukadzi" akazviratidza kune wakajairika ipapo mune izvo zvinoratidza kutanga kwe kusangana kukuru nenyoka. Akaonekwa sei uye riini ndizvo zvinoita kuti kuoneka kwake kuve kwakanyanya…

Kwakanga kuri mambakwedza apo Mukadzi Wedu akatanga kuuya kuSt. Juan Diego apo aifamba achitevedza musango. Akakumbira kuti chechi ivakwe pachikomo paive nemashiripiti. St Juan akasvika kuna Bhishopi nechikumbiro chake, asi akabvunzwa kuti adzokere kuMhandara ndokukumbira chiratidzo chechishamiso seuchapupu hwekuonekwa kwake. Saka iye akaraira St. Juan kuti atore maruva kubva kuGomo reTepeyac uye auye naro kuna Bishop. Kunyangwe yaive nguva yechando, uye ivhu rakaoma, akawana maruva erudzi rwese achitumbuka ipapo, kusanganisira maruva echiCastilian, ayo aigara kumusha kwaBishop muSpain — asi kwete Tepeyac. St Juan akaunganidza maruva mune yake tilma. ^[2]tilma kana "jasi" Mhandara Yakaropafadzwa akazvirongedza zvakare ndokumutuma kuti aende. Paakafukunura iyo tilma pamberi paBishop, maruva akawira pasi, uye pakarepo mufananidzo unoshamisa weMukadzi Wedu wakaonekwa pamucheka.

 

YEDU NZVIMBO YETU GUADALUPE: MUFANANIDZO MUPENYU

Chishamiso chaicho chaikunda zvekuti bhishopi haana kubvira akwikwidza. Kwemazana emakore, chakaramba chiri chishamiso chete chisina kupikiswa neChechi (kunyangwe muna 1666, ongororo yakaitwa zvakanyanya kuitira nhoroondo.) Zvakakosha kumbomira kwekanguva kuti utarise zvakaita chiitiko chinoshamisa ichi, nekuti icho chinosimbisa kukosha kukuru zvekuonekwa uku.

Jira iri pakati pezvakanyanya kusarudzika kuramba zvishamiso munguva dzazvino. Zvandiri kuda kutsanangura pazasi zvakave nesainzi yesainzi, uye zvinoshamisa, zvinozivikanwa nevashoma muChechi. Icho chokwadi chekuti tekinoroji chave kugona chete, munguva yedu, kuwana zvimwe zvezvishamiso zvetilma zvakare zvakakosha, sekutsanangura kwandichaita.

MunaAugust wa1954, Dr. Rafael Torija Lavoignet vakaona kuti maziso avo airatidza mutemo wePurkinje-Sanson. Ndokunge, iwo aive nemagirazi matatu ekuratidzira emufananidzo mumwechete mukati nekunze cornea uye ne lens yekunze pamusoro - hunhu hwe munhu ziso. Izvi zvakasimbiswa zvakare muna 1974-75 naDr. Enrique Graue. Muna 1985, mifananidzo yakaita sevhudzi yemitsipa yeropa yakawanikwa mumaziso epamusoro (anga asiri kutenderera ropa, sekumwe runyerekupe).

Zvichida chinonyanya kushamisa kwave kuwanikwa, kuburikidza nehunyanzvi hwedigital, ye nhamba dzevanhu muvadzidzi vake izvo pasina muimbi angadai akagona kupenda, kunyanya pane dzakashata tambo. Chiitiko chimwe chete icho chinoratidzwa muziso rega rega richiratidza izvo zvinoita kunge zviri izvo pakaonekwa mufananidzo.

Izvo zvinokwanisika kuziva akagara muIndia, uyo akatarisa kumusoro kumatenga; chimiro chemupendero, murume akwegura ane ndebvu chena, zvakanyanya kufanana nemufananidzo waBhishopi Zumárraga, yakapendwa naMiguel Cabrera, kuratidza chishamiso; uye murume wechidiki, mune mukana wese muturikiri Juan González. Zvakare aripo muIndia, angangove Juan Diego, wezvinhu zvinokatyamadza, ane ndebvu uye masharubu, uyo anofumura zvake tilma pamberi pabhishopi; mukadzi ane ganda rakasviba, pamwe muranda weNegro uyo aishandira bhishopi; uye murume ane chiSpanish maficha anotarisa pensively, achipuruzira ndebvu dzake neruoko. --Zenit.Org, Ndira 14, 2001

Iwo manhamba ari chaizvo chaipo pavanofanirwa kunge vari mumaziso ese, nekukanganisa mumifananidzo ichibvumirana nekukomberedza kwekoriya yemunhu. Zvinoita sekunge Mukadzi wedu aive nemufananidzo wake wakatorwa neiyo tilma ichiita seplate yemifananidzo, maziso ake akatakura chiitiko che chii chakaitika panguva iyo chifananidzo chakaonekwa pamberi paBishop.

Kumwe kuwedzera kwedhijitari kwakawana mufananidzo, wakazvimiririra kune imwe, iri mu pakati yemaziso ake. Icho chiri chemuIndia mhuri rakagadzirwa nemukadzi, murume nevana vanoverengeka. Ini ndichakurukura kukosha kweizvi gare gare.

Iyo tilma inogadzirwa ne Ayate, jira rakakora rakarukwa kubva kune ixtle chirimwa tambo. Ric hard Kuhn, anokunda Mubayiro weNobel muKemistri, aona kuti mufananidzo wekutanga hauna mavara echisikigo, emhuka kana emaminerari. Zvichipa kuti pakanga pasina zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira muna 1531, mabviro eaya pigments haatsanangurike. Zenit News Agency inoshuma kuti muna 1979, maAmerican Philip Callahan naJody B. Smith vakafunda mufananidzo vachishandisa infrared ray uye vakawanawo, vakashamisika, kuti pakanga pasina tara yependi kana mabrashi, uye kuti jira rakanga risina kurapwa chero mhando yehunyanzvi. Iko hakuna hukobvu kune iyo pigmentation, saka hapana chakajairika chinhu chatakajaira kuona mukati, toti, pendi yemafuta uko mavara "anonyungudika" pamwechete. Iyo txtle tambo inoonekwawo kuburikidza nezvikamu zvemufananidzo; ndiko kuti, maburi ejira anoonekwa kuburikidza neruvara rwekupa pfungwa yekuti chifananidzo "chinozungunuka," kunyangwe chiri kubata jira.

Vachipa izvozvi kumusangano wePapa muRome, mainjiniya ezvemamiriro ekunze ePeru akabvunza kuti:

[Sei] zvichikwanisika kutsanangura uyu mufananidzo uye kuenderana kwawo munguva isina mavara, pane jira risina kurapwa? [Zvinoitika sei kuti, kunyangwe hazvo pasina pendi, iwo mavara anochengetedza kupenya kwawo uye kupenya? —José Aste Tonsmann, Mexican Center yeGuadalupan Studies; Roma, Ndira 14, 2001; Zenit.org

Zvakare, kana pakatariswa pakapihwa chokwadi chekuti hapana chekupenda-kudhirowa, saizi, kana kuwedzeredza-varnish, uye kuti kurukwa kwejira kunoshandiswa pacharo kupa kudzika kwemufananidzo, hapana tsananguro yemufananidzo inokwanisika nehunyanzvi hwe infrared. . Zvinoshamisa kuti, mukati memazana emakore mazana mana, hapana kupera kana kubvaruka kwechimiro chepakutanga pane chero chikamu cheayate tilma, iyo isina kukosheswa, yaifanira kunge yakadzikira mazana emakore apfuura. —Dr. Firipi C. Callahan, Maria weAmerica, naChristopher Rengers, OFM Cap., New York, St. Pauls, Alba House, 1989, peji. 92f.

Chokwadi, iyo tilma inoita kunge isingafe. Jira reAyate rine hupenyu hwakajairwa husingasvike makore 20-50. Muna 1787, Dr. Jose Ignacio Bartolache akagadzira makopi maviri emufananidzo, achiedza kudzokorora chepakutanga zvakanyatsokwanisika. Akaisa maviri amakopi aya muTepeyac; imwe muchivako chinonzi El Pocito, uye imwe yacho munzvimbo tsvene yaSt. Mary weGuadalupe. Hazvina kupera kunyange makore gumi, zvichisimbisa kusaora kunoshamisa kwechifananidzo chekutanga: zvave kupfuura makore mazana mana nemakumi mana kubva Amai Vedu pavakaonekwa paSt. Mugore ra1795, nitric acid yakadururwa netsaona nechekumusoro kurudyi kwetilma, iyo yaifanira kunge yakanyungudutsa iyo tambo. Nekudaro, banga rakatsvukuruka rakasara pamucheka uyo vamwe vanoti uri kupenya nekufamba kwenguva (kunyange hazvo Chechi haina kutaura kwakadaro.) Pane imwe nhambo ine mukurumbira wakashata muna 1921, murume akaviga bhomba rine simba rakakwirira mumaruva akarongedzwa iyo patsoka dze tilma. Kuputika kwakaparadza zvikamu zveatari huru, asi iyo tilma, iyo yaifanira kunge yakakuvara, yakaramba yakasimba. ^[3]Ona www.truthsoftheimage.org, iri webhusaiti chaiyo inogadzirwa neKnights yeColumbus

Nepo izvi zvakawanikwa zvehunyanzvi zvichitaura zvakanyanya kumurume wemazuva ano, iyo mifananidzo pane iyo tilma ndiyo yakataura kuvanhu veMezzo-american.

VaMayan vaitenda kuti vamwari vanozvipira ivo pachavo nekuda kwevarume, uye nekudaro, munhu anofanira kupa ropa kuburikidza nechibairo kuitira kuti vanamwari vararame. Pane iyo tilma, Mhandara iri kupfeka yetsika Indian bhendi inoratidza kuti ane nhumbu. Iyo nhema nhema bhendi iri chete kuna Mukadzi Wedu weGuadalupe nekuti dema ndiro vara rinoshandiswa kumiririra Quetzalcoatl, mwari wavo wekusika. Uta hutema hwakasungirirwa muzvishwe zvina seruva remaruva mana raizofananidzira kuvanhu vemo nzvimbo yekugara yaMwari uye nehunhu hwekusika. Nekudaro, vangadai vakanzwisisa uyu Mukadzi - ane nhumbu "mwari" - kuva mukuru kupfuura Quetzalcoatl. Musoro wake wakakotama zvinyoronyoro, zvakadaro, wakaratidza kuti Uyo waakatakura aive mukuru kwaari. Naizvozvo, chifananidzo "chakaparidza" vanhu vekuIndia vakasvika pakunzwisisa kuti Jesu - kwete Quetzalcoatl - aive Mwari anoita kuti vamwe vese vashaye basa. St Juan nemamishinari ekuSpain vaigona kuzotsanangura kuti Chibayiro Chake Chine Ropa ndicho chega chakakosha…

 

RUFANANIDZO RWEBHAIBHERI

Ngatidzokerei kuna Zvakazarurwa 12:

Chiratidzo chikuru chakaonekwa mudenga, mukadzi akapfeka zuva, mwedzi uri pasi petsoka dzake, uye mumusoro wake korona yenyeredzi gumi nembiri.

St.Juan paakatanga kuona Mukadzi Wedu paTepeyac, akapa rondedzero iyi:

… Zvipfeko zvake zvaipenya sezuva, sekunge zvaitumira masaisai echiedza, uye dombo, dombo raakamira pariri, raiita kunge riri kupa mwaranzi. -Nican Mopohua, Don Antonio Valeriano (c. 1520-1605 AD,), n. 17-18

Mufananidzo wacho unoratidzika kunge unoratidzira chiitiko ichi semwaranzi yechiedza ichiwedzera kumativi ese etilma.

Akapenya nekunaka kwekunaka kwake uye kumeso kwake kwaifadza uye zvainakidza… (Esther D: 5)

Izvo zvakave zvakawanikwa kuti nyeredzi dziri paMukadzi wedu nguvo dzakamira sezvo ivo vangadai vakaonekwa mudenga muMexico pa Zvita 12, 1531 na10: 40 am, nedenga rekumabvazuva riri pamusoro pemusoro wake, uye denga rekuchamhembe kurudyi kwake (sekunge aive akamira paequator). Boka renyeredzi Leo (chiLatin rinoreva "shumba") ingadai yakave panzvimbo yepamusoro mudenga rayo zvichireva kuti chibereko neruva rina rakakora — muzinda wezvisikwa, nzvimbo inogara Mwari - rakamiswa pamusoro penzvimbo yekuoneka, iyo nhasi, iyo Cathedral muMexico City uko iyo tilma ikozvino yakaturikwa. Kwete zvakangoerekana zvaitika, pazuva rimwe chetero, nyeredzi mepu dzinoratidza kuti paive nemwedzi wecrescent mudenga manheru iwayo. Dr. Robert Sungenis, uyo akadzidza hukama hwetilma nemapoka enyeredzi panguva iyoyo, akagumisa achiti:

Sezvo huwandu uye kuiswa kweye nyeredzi pane iyo tilma chingave chibereko cheumwe kunze kweruoko rwamwari, zvinhu zvinoshandiswa kugadzira chifananidzo zviri kunze kwenyika chaiko.  -Zvitsva Zvakawanikwa zveConstellations paTilma yeMukadzi Wedu weGuadalupe, Katorike Apologetics International, Chikunguru 26, 2006

Kududzira kubva ku "mepu" yenyeredzi pajasi rake, zvinoshamisa, iyo Corona Borealis (Boreal Crown) boka renyeredzi riripo pamusoro pemusoro weMhandara. Mukadzi wedu akapfekedzwa korona nenyeredzi zvinoenderana nemhando pane iyo tilma.

Ipapo chimwe chiratidzo chakabuda mudenga; yakanga iri dhiragoni tsvuku huru, ine misoro minomwe nenyanga gumi, uye pamusoro wayo pakanga pane korona nomwe. Muswe wayo wakakukura chetatu chenyeredzi dzedenga ndokudzikanda pasi. Dhiragoni yakamira pamberi pomukadzi akanga oda kusununguka, kuti iparadze mwana wake kana angozvara. (Zva 12: 3-4)

Iwo mapoka enyeredzi anoratidza zvimwe, kunyanya, kuvepo kwekukonana nezvakaipa:

Draco, dhiragoni, Scorpios, chinoruma chinoruma, uye Hydra nyoka, vari kuenda kuchamhembe, kumaodzanyemba nekumadokero, zvichiteerana, vachiumba katatu, kana pamwe hutatu hunoseka, hwakakomberedza mukadzi kubva kumativi ese, kunze kwekudenga. Izvi zvinomiririra Mukadzi Wedu ari muhondo yenguva dzose naSatani sezvakatsanangurwa munaZva.12: 1-14, uye pamwe zvinowirirana nedhiragoni, chikara uye nemuporofita wenhema (cf.Zva.13: 1-18). Muchokwadi, muswe waHydra, uyo unoratidzika kunge wakaita seforogo pamufananidzo, uri pazasi peVirgo, sekunge uri kumirira kudya Mwana waachazoberekera… —Dr. Robert Sungenis, -Zvitsva Zvakawanikwa zveConstellations paTilma yeMukadzi Wedu weGuadalupe, Katorike Apologetics International, Chikunguru 26, 2006

 

ZITA

Mai vedu vakazviratidzawo kuna babamunini vaSt.Juan vairwara, pakarepo vachiporesa. Akazvidaidza kuti "Santa Maria Tecoatlaxopeuh": Mhandara Yakakwana, Maria Mutsvene weGuadalupe. Zvisinei, "Guadalupe" chiSpanish / chiArabic. Izwi reAztec Nahuatlchemauto, ”Iro rinodanwa kuti quatlasupe, rinonzwika nenzira inoshamisa seshoko reSpanish"Guadalupe. ” Bhishopi, uyo aisaziva mutauro weNahuatl, akafunga kuti babamunini vaireva "Guadalupe," uye zita racho "rakanamatira."
Izwi coa zvinoreva nyoka; tla, riri zita rinopera, rinogona kududzirwa sa “the”; apo xopeuh zvinoreva kupwanya kana kutsikisa. Saka vamwe vanoti Mai Vedu vanogona kunge vakazvidaidza kuti ndiye "anopwanya nyoka" ^[4]http://www.sancta.org/nameguad.html; cf. Genesi 3:15 kunyange iko kududzirwa kwekupedzisira kweWestern. Neimwe nzira, izwi rekuti Guadalupe, rakakweretwa kubva kumaArabu, rinoreva Wadi al Lub, kana kuti mugero werwizi— ”izvo izvo inotungamira mvura. ” Nekudaro, Mukadzi wedu anoonekwawo seuyo anotungamira kumvura… "mvura mhenyu" yaKristu (Joh. 7:38). Nekumira pamwedzi unocrescent, unova mucherechedzo weMayan we "mwari wehusiku", Amai Vakaropafadzwa, uye nekudaro Mwari waanotakura, anoratidzwa kuva ane simba kudarika mwari werima. ^[5]Chiratidzo cheMufananidzo, 1999 Hofisi yekuremekedza Hupenyu, Diocese yeAustin

Kubudikidza nezvose izvi zvakapfuma mucherechedzo, iwo mashura uye tilma akabatsira kuunza kutendeuka kwemamwe mamirioni manomwe kusvika manomwe emamirioni echizvarwa mukati memakore gumi, kugumisa kupira kwevanhu ipapo. ^[6]Zvinosuruvarisa, panguva yekuburitswa uku, Mexico City yakasarudza kudzorera zvibayiro zvevanhu nekuita kubvisa nhumbu zviri pamutemo imomo muna 2008. Nepo vazhinji vatauri vachitarisa kuzviitiko netsika yekufa yakapararira panguva yekuonekwa uku sechikonzero chekuonekwa kwaAmai vedu ipapo, ndinotenda kune chakakura zvikuru uye eschatological kukosha kunoenda kupfuura tsika yeAztec. Ine chekuita nenyoka inotanga kutsvedza muhurefu, hwetsika huswa hwenyika dzekuMadokero…

 

CHINJWA CHINOONEKA: HUPENYU

Satani kashoma paanozviratidza. Pane kudaro, seIndonesian Komodo Dragon, anovanda, akamirira mhuka yake kuti ipfuure, obva avarova nehuturu hwake hunouraya. Kana chakapambwa chakundwa nehupfu hwake, Komodo anodzoka kuzoipedza. Zvimwechetezvo, ndipo chete kana nzanga dzawira mutsotsi dzaSatani nehunyengeri ndipo paanozomutsa musoro wake, unova rufu. Ndipo patinoziva kuti nyoka yakazviratidza kuti "ipedze" mhuka yayo.

Akanga ari mhondi kubva pakutanga… anoreva nhema uye baba vadzo. (Johani 8:44)

Satani anodyara kunyepa kwake, uye chibereko chacho rufu. Padanho rezvemagariro, inova tsika kurwa neayo pachayo nevamwe.

Negodo radhiabhori, rufu rwakauya munyika, uye ivo vanomutevera avo vari kudivi rake. (Wis. 2: 24-25; Douay-Rheims)

Muzana ramakore rechi 16 Europe, nguva pfupi mushure mekunge Mai Vedu veGuadalupe vaonekwa, dhiragoni tsvuku yakatanga kuunza zvakare manyepo avo ekupedzisira mundangariro dzevanhu: kuti nesuwo tinogona "kuita savanamwari" (Gen 3: 4-5).

Ipapo chimwe chiratidzo chakabuda mudenga; yaive dhiragoni tsvuku hombe…

Mazana emakore apfuura akagadzirira ivhu manyepo aya sezvo kupesana muKereke kwakadzikisira simba rayo, uye kushandisa zvisizvo simba kwakakanganisa kuvimbika kwake. Chinangwa chaSatani-kuva chinonamatwa pachinzvimbo chaMwari ^[7]Zvakazarurwa 13: 15-Inotanga zvine hungwaru nekuti, panguva iyoyo, ungafungidzirwa sewekusatenda muna Mwari.

Kufunga kwe deism yakaunzwa nemufungi wechiChirungu Edward Herbert (1582-1648) maive nekutenda kweMunhu Wekumusoro-soro kwakachengetedzwa, asi pasina dzidziso, pasina machechi, uye pasina zaruriro yeruzhinji:

Mwari aive Iye Wekumusoro soro akagadzira zvakasikwa uye nekuzvisiyira kumitemo yazvo. —Fr. Frank Chacon naJim Burnham, Kutanga Apologetics 4, p. 12

Chibereko chekufunga uku chinobva chazviratidza pachena: kufambira mberi kunova chimiro chitsva chetariro yemunhu, iine "chikonzero" uye "rusununguko" senyeredzi dzayo dzinotungamira, uye nesainzi yekucherechedza hwaro hwayo. ^[8]Papa Benedict XVI, Taura Salvi,n. 17, 20 Papa Benedict XVI anonongedzera hunyengeri kubva pakutanga.

Chiratidzo chechirongwa ichi chakaratidza maratidziro enguva dzemazuva ano… Francis Bacon (1561-1626) nevaya vakatevera njere dzemazuva ano dzavakafemera vaive vatadza kutenda kuti munhu achadzikinurwa kuburikidza nesainzi. Tarisiro yakadaro inobvunza yakawandisa sainzi; tariro yerudzi urwu inonyengera. Sayenzi inogona kubatsira zvakanyanya mukuita nyika nevanhu kuti vave vanhu. Asi inogona zvakare kuparadza vanhu nepasi kunze kwekunge richitungamirirwa nemauto akarara kunze kwayo. - Tsamba yeEncyclical, Taura Salvi, N. 25

Uye nekudaro iyi nyowani nyowani yekushanduka yakashanduka uye ichichinja, ichisvika nekuenderera mberi nekuenderera mukuita kwevanhu. Nepo paive nekutsvaga kwakanaka kwechokwadi, vazivi vakatanga kurasa dzidziso yezvechitendero sengano. Vatungamiriri vanofunga vakatanga kuongorora nyika yakavapoterera chete nezvavanogona kuyera uye zvine simba kugonesa (masimba). Mwari nekutenda hakugone kuyerwa, uye nekudaro kwakafuratirwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvakadaro, vachishuvira kuchengeta kana tambo shoma dzekubatana nepfungwa yehuMwari, Baba Venhema vakaunza zvakare pfungwa yekare pantheism: kutenda kwekuti Mwari nekusika chinhu chimwe. Pfungwa iyi inobva muchiHindu (zvinonakidza kuti mumwe wevamwari vakuru vechiHindu ndiShiva anoonekwa aine mwedzi wemwedzi pamusoro wake. Zita rake rinoreva "muparadzi kana mushanduri".)

Rimwe zuva kunze kweblue, izwi rekuti "sophistry" rakapinda mupfungwa dzangu. Ndakazvitarisa muduramazwi ndikaona kuti mafilosofi ese ari pamusoro, uye mamwe akaunzwa panguva ino munhoroondo, anowira pasi pezita iri.

sophistry: nharo isingadi nemaune inoratidza hunyanzvi mukufunga netariro yekunyengedza mumwe munhu.

Apa ndinoreva kuti huzivi hwakanaka hwakabaiwa nehunyanzvi - huchenjeri hwevanhu, hunotungamira kure naMwari, kwete kuna Iye. Iyi satanic sophistry yakazosvika pakukomba kukuru mune inonzi "Chiedza." Yakanga iri kufamba kwehungwaru kwakatangira muFrance ndokutsvaira muEurope yese muzana ramakore gumi nemasere, ichishandura nzanga zvakanyanya uye, pakupedzisira, nyika yanhasi.

Kujekerwa kwaive kufamba kwakazara, kwakarongeka, uye kwakatungamira nekubvisa chiKristu kubva munharaunda yanhasi. Yakatanga neDeism seyayo dzidziso yechitendero, asi yakazopedzisira yaramba pfungwa dzese dzakapfuura dzaMwari. Yakazove chitendero che "kufambira mberi kwevanhu" uye iye "Mwarikadzi weKufunga." -Fr. Frank Chacon naJim Burnham, Kutanga Apologetics Vhoriyamu 4: Mapinduriro aungaita Vasingatendi uye maAva Matsva, peji 16

Uku kupatsanurana pakati pekutenda nekufunga kwakazvara ma "isms" matsva. Nezve izvo:

Sayenzi: vatsigiri vanoramba kugamuchira chero chinhu chisingakwanise kucherechedzwa, kuyerwa, kana kuyedzwa.
Rationalism: iko kutenda kwekuti chete chokwadi chatinogona kuziva zvine chokwadi chinowanikwa kuburikidza nekufunga chete.
Kunyanya kuda pfuma: iko kutenda kwekuti chokwadi chechokwadi ndicho chinhu chiripo.
Mhindumupindu: iko kutenda kwekuti cheni yekushanduka-shanduka inogona kutsanangurwa zvizere nemaitiro akasarudzika ehupenyu, kusasanganisa kudiwa kwaMwari kana Mwari sechikonzero chayo.
Utilitarianism: iyo pfungwa yekuti zviito zvinoruramiswa kana zvichikosha kana bhenefiti kune vazhinji.
Mafungiro: iyo tsika yekududzira zviitiko nenzira dzekuzviisa pasi, kana kuwedzeredza kukosha kwezvikonzero zvepfungwa. ^[9]Sigmund Freud aive baba veiyi shanduko yehungwaru / hwepfungwa, iyo inogona zvakare kunzi Freudianism. Aizivikanwa kuti akati, "Chitendero hachisi chinhu asi kungofungisisa-kwekumanikidza neurosis." (Karl Stern, Yechitatu Chimurenga, peji 119)
Atheism: dzidziso kana kudavira kuti Mwari haako.

Idzi dzidziso dzakazoguma neChimurenga cheFrance (1789-1799). Kurambana pakati pekutenda uye kufunga kwakaenderera mberi kusvika kurambana pakati Chechi uye mamiriro. “Kuziviswa Kwekodzero dzeMunhu” kwakaitwa sepamberi pebumbiro remutemo reFrance. Katurike yakamira kuve chitendero chehurumende; ^[10]Chirevo cheLungelo chinotaura musumo yazvo kuti chinoitwa pamberi nepasi pesimba reWemusorosoro, asi pazvinyorwa zvitatu zvakataurwa nevafundisi, zvichisimbisa kuremekedzwa nekuda kwechitendero nekunamata kuruzhinji, zviviri zvakarambwa mushure hurukuro dzakaitwa nevaPurotesitendi, Rabaut Saint-Etienne, naMirabeau, uye chinyorwa choga chine chekuita nechitendero chakataurwa seizvi: . ” —Catholic Online, Catholic Encyclopedia, http://www.catholic.org/encyclopedia/view.php?id=4874 kodzero Dzevanhu yakava chitupa chitsva, ichigadzira danho remasimba anove - kwete mutemo wepanyama nehunhu, uye nekodzero dzisingabvumirwe dzakazvarwa kubva mairi - kuona ani inogamuchira kodzero idzodzo, kana ndiani asingadaro. Kudengenyeka kwemazana maviri emakore apfuura kwakapa nzvimbo iyi kudengenyeka kwepamweya, kwakatanga tsunami yeshanduko yetsika sezvo zvino yaizove Hurumende, kwete Chechi, yaizotungamira ramangwana revanhu - kana kuiputsa sengarava…

 

Chitsauko chechinomwe chinoenderera mberi nekutsanangura kuti Mukadzi Wedu akaenderera mberi achioneka sezvakaita dhiragoni panguva imwechete mukati memazana mana emakore anotevera, ichigadzira "kurwisana kukuru kwazvo munhoroondo" murume apfuura. Zvino zvitsauko zvinotevera zvinonyatsorondedzera zvatiri izvozvi, mumashoko aJohane Wakaropafadzwa Paul II, 'takatarisana nemusangano wekupedzisira pakati peChechi nevanopesana nekereke, Evhangeri neanopesana nevhangeri. " Kana iwe uchida kuodha bhuku racho, rinowanikwa pa :

www.neworleanscitypark.com

 

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