Inkinga Eyisisekelo

NGINE bathole ama-imeyili amaningi, amanye avela kumaKhatholika angenaso isiqiniseko sokuthi angawaphendula kanjani amalungu emindeni yabo “evangeli”, kanti amanye avela kwabasekela izimfundiso zeqiniso abaqinisekile ukuthi iSonto LamaKhatholika alikho eBhayibhelini noma kobuKristu. Izincwadi eziningana zaziqukethe izincazelo ezide zokuthi kungani bazizwa lo mBhalo usho lokhu nokuthi kungani bona ukucabanga lesilinganiso sisho ukuthi. Ngemuva kokufunda lezi zincwadi, futhi ngicabanga amahora okuzothatha ukuphendula kubo, ngacabanga ukuthi ngizokhuluma esikhundleni salokho the inkinga eyisisekelo: ubani nje ngempela onegunya lokuhumusha umBhalo?

 

HLOLA NGEMPELA

Kepha ngaphambi kokuba ngikwenze, thina njengamaKatolika kufanele sivume okuthile. Kusukela ekubukekeni kwangaphandle, futhi empeleni emasontweni amaningi, asibonakali singabantu abaphilayo ekukholweni, esivutha ngentshiseko ngoKristu kanye nensindiso yemiphefumulo, njengoba kuvame ukubonakala emasontweni amaningi evangeli. Ngakho-ke, kungaba nzima ukukholisa umuntu osisekelo sobuqiniso beqiniso lobuKhatholika lapho ukholo lwamaKhatholika luvame ukubonakala lufile, futhi iSonto lethu lisopha ngamahlazo ngemuva kwehlazo. EMiseni, kuvame ukuqhutshwa imithandazo, umculo uvame ukugquma uma kungenjalo, imindeni ivame ukuphefumulelwa, futhi ukuhlukunyezwa kwezinkolo ezindaweni eziningi kuye kwaqeda iMisa lakho konke okungaqondakali. Okubi kakhulu, umuntu obuka ngaphandle angangabaza ukuthi nguJesu ngempela kuMthendeleko, ngokususelwa ekutheni amaKhatholika afaka kanjani iSidlozi ngokungathi athola iphasethi ye-movie. Iqiniso ukuthi, iSonto LamaKatolika is ebunzimeni. Udinga ukushunyayelwa kabusha, aphindwe avuselelwe, futhi avuselelwe ngamandla kaMoya oNgcwele. Futhi ngokungagunci, udinga ukuhlanzwa ekuhlubukeni okungene ezindongeni zakhe zasendulo njengomusi kaSathane.

Kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi uyiSonto elingamanga. Uma kukhona, kuyisibonakaliso sokuhlaselwa kwesitha okusobala nokungapheli kwiBarque of Peter.

 

EKUGUNYAZWENI KUKABANI?

Umcabango owaqhubeka ungene emqondweni wami ngenkathi ngifunda lawo ma-imeyili wawuthi, "Ngakho-ke, incazelo kabani yeBhayibheli ilungile?" Ngamahlelo acishe abe ngama-60, 000 emhlabeni futhi kubalwa, wonke athi lokho they yiba yedwa ngeqiniso, ngubani okholwayo (incwadi yokuqala engiyitholile, noma incwadi evela kumfana ngemuva kwalokho?) Ngisho, besingaphikisana usuku lonke ngokuthi lo mbhalo weBhayibheli noma lowo mbhalo usho lokhu noma lokho. Kepha sazi kanjani ekugcineni kosuku ukuthi iyiphi incazelo efanelekile? Imizwa? Ukugcotshwa kwamaTingling?

Nakhu okushiwo yiBhayibheli:

Yazi lokhu kuqala nje, ukuthi asikho isiprofetho sombhalo esiyindaba yokuzichaza komuntu siqu, ngoba asikho isiprofetho esake savela ngentando yomuntu; kepha kunalokho abantu abaqhutshwa nguMoya oNgcwele bakhuluma ngaphansi kwethonya likaNkulunkulu. (2 Pet. 1: 20-21)

Umbhalo uwonke uyizwi lesiprofetho. Awukho umBhalo oyindaba yokuzichaza komuntu. Ngakho-ke, incazelo kabani yalo ilungile? Le mpendulo inemiphumela emibi kakhulu, ngoba uJesu wathi, “iqiniso liyonikhulula.” Ukuze ngikhululeke, kufanele ngilazi iqiniso ukuze ngiphile futhi ngihlale kulo. Uma “isonto A” lisho, isibonelo, ukuthi isehlukaniso sivunyelwe, kepha “isonto B” lithi alivunyelwe, yiliphi ibandla elihlala ngokukhululeka? Uma "isonto A" lifundisa ukuthi awusoze ulahlekelwe yinsindiso yakho, kepha "isonto B" lithi ungakwazi, yiliphi ibandla eliholela imiphefumulo enkululekweni? Lezi yizibonelo zangempela, ezinemiphumela yangempela futhi mhlawumbe yaphakade. Noma kunjalo, impendulo yale mibuzo ikhiqiza inqwaba yezincazelo ezivela kumaKristu "akholelwa ebhayibhelini" ajwayele ukusho kahle, kepha aphikisana ngokuphelele.

Ngabe uKrestu walakha ngempela iSonto ngale ndlela engahleliwe, enalesiyaluyalu, ephikisanayo?

 

LOKUTHI IBHAYIBHELI LIYINI — Futhi ALILONA

Abasekela izimiso eziyisisekelo bathi iBhayibheli liwukuphela komthombo weqiniso lobuKristu. Noma kunjalo, awukho umBhalo osekela lo mbono. IBhayibheli enza ithi:

Yonke imibhalo iphefumulelwe uNkulunkulu futhi ilusizo ekufundiseni, ekuphikiseni, ekulungiseni nasekuqeqesheni ukulunga, ukuze lowo ongokaNkulunkulu afaneleke, ayihlomele yonke imisebenzi emihle. (2 Thim 3: 16-17)

Noma kunjalo, lokhu akusho lutho ngalo ilanga igunya noma isisekelo seqiniso, kuphela ukuthi liphefumulelwe, ngakho-ke liyiqiniso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndima ibhekisa ngqo kwiTestamente Elidala ngoba yayingekho “iTestamente Elisha” okwamanje. Lokho akuzange kuhlanganiswe ngokuphelele kuze kube sekhulwini lesine.

Ibhayibheli enza unokuthile ongakusho, nokho, ngalokho is isisekelo seqiniso:

Kufanele wazi ukuthi kufanele uziphathe kanjani endlini kaNkulunkulu, okuyisonto likaNkulunkulu ophilayo, insika nesisekelo seqiniso. (1 Thim.3: 15)

The Isonto likaNkulunkulu ophilayo iyinsika nesisekelo seqiniso. Kuvela eSontweni-ke ukuthi iqiniso liyavela, okungukuthi, i IZwi likaNkulunkulu. “Aha!” Kusho umlandeli wobufandamentali. “Ngakho iZwi likaNkulunkulu is iqiniso." Yebo, impela. Kepha iZwi elinikezwe iSonto lalikhulunywa, alibhalwanga nguKristu. UJesu akazange abhale nelilodwa igama (futhi namazwi Akhe awazange abhalwe phansi kwaze kwaba yiminyaka kamuva). IZwi likaNkulunkulu liyiQiniso elingabhalwanga uJesu alidlulisela kubaPhostoli. Ingxenye yaleli Zwi yayibhalwe phansi ngezincwadi nangamavangeli, kepha hhayi konke. Sazi kanjani? Okokuqala, umBhalo uqobo usitshela ukuthi:

Kukhona nezinye izinto eziningi uJesu azenza, kepha uma lezi bezingachazwa ngazodwana, angicabangi ukuthi umhlaba wonke ubungaqukatha izincwadi ezizobhalwa. (Johane 21:25)

Siyazi ngokweqiniso ukuthi ukwambulwa kukaJesu kwaziswa ngazo zombili izinto ezibhaliwe, nangomlomo.

Nginokuningi kokunibhalela, kepha angifisi ukukubhala ngopeni nangoyinki. Kunalokho, ngiyethemba ukukubona maduze, lapho sesingakhuluma ubuso nobuso. (3 Johane 13-14)

Lokhu yilokho iSonto LamaKatolika elikubiza ngokuthi iSiko: kokubili iqiniso elibhaliwe nelomlomo. Igama elithi "isiko" livela esiLatini ukuhweba okusho ukuthi "ukudlulisa". Isiko lomlomo laliyingxenye ebalulekile yesiko lamaJuda kanye nendlela izimfundiso ezazidluliselwa ngayo kusukela ngekhulu leminyaka kuya ekhulwini. Vele, umlandeli wobufandamentali ucaphuna uMarko 7: 9 noma uCol 2: 8 ukusho ukuthi uMbhalo uyalulahla usiko, ulishaya indiva iqiniso lokuthi kulawo mavesi uJesu wayelahla imithwalo eminingi ebekwe kubantu bakwa-Israyeli ngabaFarisi, hhayi uNkulunkulu- Isiko elinikezwe iTestamente Elidala. Ukube lezo zindima zazigxeka le Siko eliyiqiniso, iBhayibheli beliyoziphikisa:

Ngakho-ke, bazalwane, yimani niqinile futhi nibambelele emasikweni enanifundiswa wona, kungaba ngamazwi ashiwo ngomlomo noma ngencwadi yethu. (2 Thes. 2:15)

Futhi,

Ngiyakudumisa ngoba ungikhumbula kukho konke futhi ubambelela emasikweni, njengoba nje ngawadlulisela kuwe. (1 Kor 11: 2). Qaphela ukuthi i-King James yamaProthestani kanye nezinguqulo ze-New American Standard zisebenzisa igama elithi “isiko” kanti i-NIV edumile ihumusha igama elithi “iimfundiso” elihunyushwa kabi emthonjeni wokuqala, i-Latin Vulgate.

Isiko abagadi beSonto ababizwa ngalo ngokuthi “idiphozi yokholo”: konke lokho uKristu akufundisa wakwembula kubaPhostoli. Babekwe icala lokufundisa lesi Siko nokuqinisekisa ukuthi leDiphozithi idluliselwa ngokwethembeka ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane. Bakwenza lokho ngomlomo, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile ngencwadi noma ngencwadi.

ISonto futhi linamasiko, abizwa ngokufanele ngokuthi amasiko, ngendlela abantu abanamasiko omndeni ngayo. Lokhu kungafaka imithetho eyenziwe ngumuntu njengokungayidli inyama ngoLwesihlanu, ukuzila ukudla ngoLwesithathu lomlotha, ngisho nokungashadi kwabapristi — konke lokhu kungashintshwa noma kukhishwe uPapa owanikwa amandla “okubopha nokukhulula” ( Mat 16:19). Isiko Elingcwele, noma kunjalo—iZwi likaNkulunkulu elilotshiwe nelingabhalwanga—ayikwazi ukuguqulwa. Empeleni, selokhu uKristu embule iZwi laKhe eminyakeni eyi-2000 eyedlule, akekho uPapa owake washintsha le Siko, i ubufakazi bamandla kaMoya oNgcwele kanye nesithembiso sokuvikelwa kukaKristu ukuvikela iBandla Lakhe emasangweni esihogo (bona uMath 16:18).

 

IMPUMELELO YABAPOSTOLI: YIBHAYIBHILI?

Ngakho-ke sisondela ekuphenduleni inkinga eyisisekelo: ngubani-ke onegunya lokuhumusha umBhalo? Impendulo ibonakala iziveza uqobo lwayo: ukube abaPhostoli yibo abamuzwa uKristu eshumayela, base bethweswa icala lokudlulisa lezo zimfundiso, bekufanele kube yibo abahlulela noma cha enye imfundiso, ngabe yenziwe ngomlomo noma ibhaliwe, empeleni iqiniso. Kepha bekuzokwenzekani ngemuva kokushona kwabaPhostoli? Laliyodluliselwa kanjani iqiniso ngokwethembeka ezizukulwaneni ezizayo?

Sifundile ukuthi abaPhostoli bakhokhisile amanye amadoda ukudlulisa leli “Siko Eliphilayo.” AmaKatolika abiza la madoda ngokuthi “abalandeli” boMphostoli. Kepha abashisekeli bezenkolo bathi ukulandelana kobuphostoli kwasungulwa ngabantu. Lokho akusikho nje okushiwo yiBhayibheli.

Ngemuva kokuthi uKristu enyukele ezulwini, kwakusenabalandeli abambalwa. Ekamelweni eliphezulu, kwabuthana ikhulu namashumi amabili kubo kubandakanya nabaphostoli abayishumi nanye abasele. Isenzo sabo sokuqala kwaba uku esikhundleni sikaJuda.

Base bebanika inkatho, inkatho yehlela kuMathiya, wabalwa kanye nabaphostoli abayishumi nanye. (IzEnzo 1:26)

UJustus, owayengakhethwanga kunoMathiya, wayesengumlandeli. Kodwa uMathiya “wabalwa kanye nabaphostoli abayishumi nanye.” Kodwa kungani? Kungani kufanele ubeke uJudas esikhundleni uma bekukhona abalandeli abangaphezu kokwanele? Ngoba uJuda, njengabanye abayishumi nanye, wanikwa igunya elikhethekile nguJesu, ihhovisi okungekho abanye abafundi noma amakholwa ababenalo — kubandakanya nonina.

Wayebalwa phakathi kwethu futhi wabelwa iqhaza kule nkonzo… Kwangathi omunye angathatha isikhundla sakhe. (Imisebenti 1:17, 20); Qaphela ukuthi amatshe esisekelo seJerusalema Elisha kusAmbulo 21:14 aqoshwe amagama abaphostoli abayishumi nambili, hhayi abayishumi nanye. UJuda, kusobala ukuthi wayengeyena wabo, ngakho-ke, uMathiya kumele abe yitshe leshumi nambili elisele, aqedele isisekelo okwakhelwe kulo lonke iSonto (cf. Efe 2: 20).

Ngemuva kokwehla kukaMoya oNgcwele, igunya lobuphostoli ladluliselwa ngokubekwa kwezandla (bheka 1 Thim 4:14; 5:22; Izenzo 14:23). Kwakungumkhuba osungulwe ngokuqinile, njengoba sizwa kumlandeli wesine kaPetru owabusa ngesikhathi uMphostoli uJohn esaphila:

Emaphandleni nasemadolobheni [abaphostoli] bashumayela, futhi bamisa abaphenduki babo bokuqala, babavivinya ngoMoya, ukuba babe ngababhishobhi nabadikoni bamakholwa azayo. Futhi lokhu kwakungeyona into entsha, ngoba ababhishobhi nabadikoni babebhalwe esikhathini eside ngaphambili. . . [bona u-1 Thim 3: 1, 8; 5:17] Abaphostoli bethu babazi ngeNkosi yethu uJesu Kristu ukuthi kuzoba nemibango ngesikhundla sombhishobhi. Ngalesi sizathu-ke, sebethole ukwazi kwangaphambili, baqoka labo asebevele bekhulunyiwe futhi ngemuva kwalokho bangezelela elinye ilungiselelo lokuthi, uma kungenzeka bafe, amanye amadoda agunyaziwe aphumelele enkonzweni yawo. —UPAPA ST. UCLELE ROMA (80 AD), Incwadi eya kwabaseKorinte 42:4–5, 44:1–3

 

UKUPHUMELELA KWEGUNYA

UJesu wanikeza laba baPhostoli, futhi ngokusobala abalandela emva kwabo, igunya Lakhe uqobo. 

Ngiqinisile, ngiqinisile ngithi kuwe: Noma yini oyoyibopha emhlabeni koba kuboshiwe ezulwini, futhi noma yini oyithukululayo emhlabeni iyokhululwa ezulwini. (Math 18:18)

Futhi,

Izono ozixolelayo zithethelelwe, nezono ozigcinayo zigcinwa. (Johane 20:22)

UJesu uze athi:

Onilalelayo uyangilalela nami. Lowo onilahlayo uyangilahla. (Luka 10:16)

UJesu uthi noma ngubani olalela laba baPhostoli nalabo abazobalandela, uyamlalela! Futhi siyazi ukuthi lokhu okusifundisa la madoda kuyiqiniso ngoba uJesu wathembisa ukuthi uzobahola. Ekhuluma nabo ngasese eSidlweni Sokugcina, Uthe:

… Lapho efika, uMoya weqiniso, uzokuholela kulo lonke iqiniso. (Johane 16: 12-13)

Lesi sipho sikaPapa nababhishobhi sokufundisa iqiniso "ngokungenaphutha" besilokhu siqondwa eSontweni kusukela ezikhathini zakudala:

[Nginomthwalo wokulalela abongameli abaseBandleni — labo, njengoba ngikhombisile, baphatha ukulandelana kwabaphostoli; labo okuthi, kanye nokulandelana kwesikhulu sombhishobhi, bathole uthando olungenakuphikiswa lweqiniso, ngokuvumelana nentando enhle kaBaba. —USt. U-Irenaeus waseLyons (189 AD), Ngokumelene namaHlubies, 4: 33: 8 )

Masiqaphele ukuthi lona kanye usiko, imfundiso, nokholo lweSonto lamaKhatholika kusukela ekuqaleni, iNkosi eyalunikeza, kwakushunyayelwa ngabaPhostoli, futhi kwalondolozwa ngoFata. ISonto lasungulwa phezu kwalokhu; futhi uma noma ubani eshiya kulokhu, akusafanele futhi abizwe ngokuthi ungumKristu… —USt. U-Athanasius (360 AD), Izincwadi ezine eziya kuSerapion kaThmius 1, 28

 

IMPENDULO EYISISEKELO

IBhayibheli alizange lisungulwe ngumuntu noma lidluliselwe yizingelosi ngohlobo oluhle oluboshwe ngesikhumba. Ngenqubo yokuqonda okukhulu okuholwa nguMoya oNgcwele, abalandela babaPhostoli banquma ngekhulu lesine ukuthi yimiphi imibhalo yosuku lwabo eyayiyiNkambiso Engcwele— “iZwi LikaNkulunkulu” - futhi okwakungeyona imibhalo ephefumulelwe yeSonto. Ngakho-ke, iVangeli likaThomas, iZenzo zikaSt. John, i-Assumption of Moses nezinye izincwadi azikaze zisikwe. Kodwa izincwadi ezingama-46 zeTestamente Elidala, kanye nezingu-27 zeNew zaziqukethe "uhlu lwezincwadi ezingcwele" zemibhalo (yize amaProthestani kamuva alahla ezinye zezincwadi). Abanye babezimisele njengabangewona amaDepho Wokholo. Lokhu kuqinisekiswe abaBhishobhi emikhandlwini yaseCarthage (393, 397, 419 AD) naseHippo (393 AD). Kuyamangaza-ke ukuthi abashisekeli bezenkolo basebenzisa iBhayibheli, eliyingxenye yeSiko LamaKatolika, ukuphikisa ubuKhatholika.

Konke lokhu ukusho ukuthi kwakungekho iBhayibheli emakhulwini amane eminyaka okuqala eSonto. Ngakho-ke yayitholakalaphi imfundiso yobuphostoli nobufakazi kuyo yonke leyo minyaka? Isazi-mlando sesonto lokuqala, uJND Kelly, ongumProthestani, uyabhala:

Impendulo esobala kakhulu ukuthi abaphostoli babeyinikele ngomlomo eBandleni, lapho yayinikezwe khona isizukulwane ngesizukulwane. - Izimfundiso Zokuqala ZamaKristu, 37

Ngakho-ke, kusobala ukuthi abalandela abaPhostoli yibo abanikezwe igunya lokunquma ukuthi yini enikezwe nguKristu nokuthi yini engazange isekelwe ekwahluleleni kwabo, kodwa kulokho abanakho wathola.

Upapa akayena umbusi ophelele, onemicabango nezifiso ezingokomthetho. Ngokuphambene nalokho, inkonzo kapapa iyisiqinisekiso sokulalela uKristu nezwi lakhe. —UPOPE BENEDICT XVI, oHomily kaMeyi 8, 2005; ISan Diego Union-Tribune

Kanye nopapa, ababhishobhi nabo bahlanganyela emandleni kaKristu okufundisa "ukubopha nokukhulula" (Math 18:18). Leli gunya lokufundisa silibiza ngokuthi “magisterium”.

… Le Magisterium ayiphakeme kuneZwi likaNkulunkulu, kodwa iyinceku yayo. Ifundisa kuphela lokho okunikezwe kukho. Ngokuyalelwa nguNkulunkulu nangosizo lukaMoya oNgcwele, uyakulalela lokhu ngokuzinikela, akuvikele ngokuzinikela futhi akuchaze ngokwethembeka. Konke lokho okuphakamisa ukuthi inkolelo ivezwe ngokwaphezulu kudonswe kule diphozi elilodwa lokholo. (Catechism weSonto LamaKatolika, 86)

They kuphela banegunya lokuhumusha iBhayibheli ngokusebenzisa isihlungi se-Tradition yomlomo abayitholile ngokulandelana kwabaphostoli. Yibo bodwa ekugcineni abanquma ukuthi uJesu wayeqonde ukuthi wayehlose ukusinikeza uMzimba neGazi lakhe noma uphawu nje, noma ngabe wayesho ukuthi kufanele sivume izono zethu kumpristi. Ukuqonda kwabo, okuholwa nguMoya oNgcwele, kusekelwe Enkambeni Engcwele eyadluliselwa kusukela ekuqaleni.

Ngakho-ke okubalulekile akukhona ukuthi wena noma mina sicabanga ukuthi indima yomBhalo isho ukuthini wathini uKrestu kithina?  Impendulo ithi: kufanele sibuze labo asho kubo. Umbhalo akuyona indaba yokuhumusha komuntu siqu, kodwa ingxenye yesambulo sokuthi uJesu ungubani nokuthi wasifundisani futhi wasiyala kanjani.

UPapa Benedict ukhulume ngokusobala ngengozi yokuzigcizelela lapho ethula inkulumo yakhe kwi-Ecumenical Meeting muva nje eNew York:

Izinkolelo nemikhuba eyisisekelo yobuKrestu kwesinye isikhathi iyashintshwa emiphakathini ngalokho okubizwa “ngezenzo zokuprofetha” ezincike ku-hermeneutic [indlela yokuhumusha] engavumelani ngaso sonke isikhathi nedatha yemibhalo namasiko. Imiphakathi ngenxa yalokho iyeka umzamo wokuba ngumzimba obumbene, ikhethe ukusebenza ngokomqondo "wezinketho zasendaweni". Kokunye kule nqubo isidingo… sokuhlangana neBandla kuyo yonke inkathi silahlekile, ngesikhathi lapho umhlaba ulahlekelwa ukubekezelela kwawo futhi udinga ubufakazi obufanayo obukholisayo emandleni okusindisa eVangeli. (cf Rom 1: 18-23). —UPOPE BENEDICT XVI, iSonto LaseSt. Joseph, eNew York, ngo-Ephreli 18, 2008

Mhlawumbe singafunda okuthile ekuthobekeni kukaSt. John Henry Newman (1801-1890). Ungumuntu oguqukele eSontweni LamaKatolika, okuthi lapho efundisa ngezikhathi zokugcina (isihloko esingcoliswe umbono), akhombise inkambo efanele yokuhumusha:

Umbono wanoma yimuphi umuntu oyedwa, noma ngabe ubelungele kakhulu ukubumba eyodwa, awusoze waba ngegunya elithile, noma ufanele ukuwudlulisa ngokwawo; kanti ukwahlulelwa kanye nemibono yeSonto lokuqala ifuna futhi idonsele ukunakekelwa kwethu okukhethekile, ngoba ngokwazi kwethu bangaba yingxenye etholakala emasikweni abaPhostoli, nangenxa yokuthi babekwa phambili ngokungaguquguquki nangokuvumelana ngazinye kunanoma isiphi esinye isethi othisha.  —Izintshumayelo Zokumelana Nomphikukristu, Intshumayelo II, “1 Johane 4: 3”

 

Ishicilelwe okokuqala ngoMeyi 13, 2008.

 

UKUFUNDA OKWENGEZIWE:

Ama-Tweets

Chofoza lapha ukuze Zikhiphe ohlwini or Bhalisa kule Journal.

Siyabonga ngokusekela kwakho konke!

www.markmallett.com

-------

Chofoza ngezansi ukuhumushela leli khasi olimini oluhlukile: