Mpumulo wa Sabata

 

KWA Zaka 2000, Mpingo wagwira ntchito molimbika kuti akokere miyoyo pachifuwa chake. Wapirira kuzunzidwa ndi kusakhulupirika, ampatuko ndi chisokonezo. Wadutsa munyengo zaulemerero ndikukula, kutsika ndi magawano, mphamvu ndi umphawi pomwe amalalikira Uthenga Wabwino mwakhama - mwina nthawi zina kudzera mwa otsalira. Koma tsiku lina, anatero Abambo a Tchalitchi, adzasangalala ndi "Mpumulo wa Sabata" - Nyengo Yamtendere padziko lapansi pamaso kutha kwa dziko. Koma mpumulowu ndi chiyani kwenikweni, ndipo chimabweretsa chiyani?

 

TSIKU LA CHISANU NDI CHIWIRI

Woyera Paulo anali woyamba kunena za "mpumulo wa Sabata" uwo ukubwera:

Ndipo Mulungu adapuma tsiku lachisanu ndi chiwiri ku ntchito zake zonse… Kotero, tsono, utsalira mpumulo wa sabata kwa anthu a Mulungu; pakuti yense wakuloŵa mpumulo wa Mulungu apumulanso kuntchito zake, monganso Mulungu ku zake. (Ahebri 4: 4, 9-10)

Kuti tilowe mu mpumulo wa Mulungu, tiyenera kumvetsetsa zomwe zidakwaniritsidwa pa tsiku lachisanu ndi chiwiri. Kwenikweni, "liwu" kapena "Fiat yomwe Mulungu adalankhula idakhazikitsa chilengedwe mogwirizana bwino - kuyambira kayendedwe ka nyenyezi mpaka mpweya wa Adamu. Zonse zinali bwino bwino koma osakwanira. 

Chilengedwe chimakhala ndi ubwino wake komanso ungwiro woyenera, koma sichinatulukire kwathunthu kuchokera m'manja mwa Mlengi. Chilengedwe chinalengedwa "muulendo"mu statu kudzera) ku ungwiro wotsiriza womwe ukapezeke, umene Mulungu adakwaniritsa. -Katekisma wa Mpingo wa Katolika, N. 302

Nchiyani, ndiye, chinali kukwaniritsa kwathunthu ndi kulenga bwino? Mwachidule: Adam. Wopangidwa "m'chifanizo cha Mulungu", Utatu Woyera udalakalaka kukulitsa malire a moyo wa Mulungu, kuwala, ndi chikondi kudzera mwa ana a Adamu ndi Hava mu "mibadwo yopanda malire." A Thomas Aquinas adati, "Zolengedwa zidakhalapo pomwe kiyi wachikondi adatsegula dzanja Lake."^[1]Kutumizidwa. 2, mfl. Mulungu adalenga zinthu zonse, atero St. Bonaventure, "osati kuti awonjezere ulemerero Wake koma kuti awulalikire ndikuwulankhulana,"^[2]Mu Wachiwiri Wotumizidwa. Ine, 2, 2, 1. ndipo izi zikadachitika makamaka kudzera mukutenga nawo gawo kwa Adamu mu Fiat, Chifuniro Chaumulungu. Monga Yesu adauza Mtumiki wa Mulungu Luisa Piccarreta:

Chisangalalo changa chinafika pachimake pakuwona mwa munthuyu [Adam], mibadwo pafupifupi yopanda malire ya anthu ena ambiri omwe angandipatse maufumu ena ambiri monga momwe padzakhalire anthu omwe alipo, ndi omwe ndidzalamulire ndikufutukula umulungu wanga malire. Ndipo ndidawona zabwino za maufumu ena onse zomwe zikasefukira kuulemerero ndi ulemu wa ufumu woyamba [mwa Adamu], womwe udayenera kukhala mutu wa ena onse, komanso ngati chinthu choyambirira kulenga.

"Tsopano, kuti ndipange ufumu uwu," akutero aumulungu a Rev. Joseph Iannuzzi,

Adam pokhala woyamba mwa anthu onse, amayenera kuphatikiza mwaufulu chifuniro chake kuntchito yamuyaya ya Chifuniro Chaumulungu chomwe chidapanga mwa iye kukhala kwa Mulungu ('abitazione') kwa 'kukhala' kwa Mulungu. ' -Mphatso Yokhala Kukhala Ndi Chifuniro Chaumulungu M'makalata a Luisa Piccarreta (Malo Okoma 896-907), Kindle Edition

M'maphunziro ake kwa Luisa, Dona Wathu akuwulula kuti kuti chilengedwe chikalowemo muulemerero wangwiro (wa maufumu achikondi osafutukuka), Adam amayenera kuchita mayeso. 

[Adamu] anali ndi ulamuliro pa chilengedwe chonse, ndipo zinthu zonse zinali kumvera mutu wake wonse. Chifukwa cha chifuniro chaumulungu chomwe chidalamulira mwa iye, iyenso anali wosiyana ndi Mlengi wake. Mulungu atamupatsa madalitso ochuluka posinthana ndi kukhulupirika kwake kamodzi, adamulamula kuti asakhudze chipatso chimodzi chokha mwa zipatso zambiri mu Edeni wapadziko lapansi. Umenewu ndi umboni womwe Mulungu adafunsa kwa Adam kuti amutsimikizire kuti ndi wosalakwa, wachiyero komanso wachimwemwe, ndikumupatsa ufulu wolamulira chilengedwe chonse. Koma Adamu sanakhale wokhulupirika pamayeserowo, ndipo chifukwa chake, Mulungu samamukhulupirira. Kotero Adamu adataya ufulu wake wolamulira [pa iye yekha ndi chilengedwe], nataya kusalakwa kwake ndi chisangalalo, zomwe wina anganene kuti adasanduliza ntchito yolenga. -Dona Wathu Wotumikira Mulungu Luisa Piccarreta, Namwali Maria mu Ufumu wa Chifuniro Chaumulungu, tsiku 4

Chifukwa chake, osati Adamu yekha komanso mwanjira ina Mulungu anataya “mpumulo wa sabata” umene Iye adaukhazikitsa pa "tsiku lachisanu ndi chiwiri." Ndipo linali “mpumulo wa sabata” uwu pamene Yesu anadza pa dziko lapansi ngati munthu kuti adzabwezeretse…

 

M'DZIKO LAPANSI KWA ATATE

Malinga ndi "chikhazikitso cha chikhulupiriro" chomwe adapatsidwa ndi Atumwi, Abambo Oyambirira a Mpingo adaphunzitsa kuti "tsiku lachisanu ndi chitatu" kapena muyaya sudzafika mpaka tsiku lachisanu ndi chiwiri linabwezeretsedwa mu dongosolo la chilengedwe. Ndipo izi, Malembo amaphunzitsa, zidzabwera ndi ntchito yayikulu ndi chisautso, popeza angelo ogwa tsopano akumenyera ulamuliro pa munthu ndi chifuniro chake.^[3]onani Mkangano Wa Maufumu. Ngakhale atenga miyoyo yambiri, Satana ndi gulu lake lankhondo adzalephera, ndipo tsiku lachisanu ndi chiwiri kapena "mpumulo wa sabata" ubwera pambuyo pa kugwa kwa Wokana Kristu…

... Mwana wake akadzabwera kudzawononga nthawi ya osayeruzika ndi kuweruza osapembedza, ndikusintha dzuwa ndi mwezi ndi nyenyezi, ndiye kuti adzapuma pa tsiku la chisanu ndi chiwiri ... nditapuma zinthu zonse, ndidzapanga Kuyamba kwa tsiku lachisanu ndi chitatu, ndiye kuti, kuyambira kwa dziko lina. —Latter ofanaba (70-79 AD), lolemba ndi Atumwi a Atumwi a m'zaka za zana lachiwiri

Irenaeus Woyera, akufanizira "masiku asanu ndi limodzi" a chilengedwe ndi zaka zikwi zisanu ndi chimodzi zotsatira Adamu atalengedwa:

Lemba limati: 'Ndipo Mulungu adapuma tsiku lachisanu ndi chiwiri ku ntchito zake zonse'… Ndipo masiku asanu ndi limodzi zinthu zinalengedwa; zikuwonekeratu, kuti, zidzafika kumapeto chaka chikwi chachisanu ndi chimodzi… Koma Wokana Kristu akadzawononga zinthu zonse padziko lino lapansi, adzalamulira zaka zitatu ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, nadzakhala mu kachisi ku Yerusalemu; ndipo Ambuye adzabwera kuchokera Kumwamba mumitambo ... kutumiza munthu uyu ndi onse omutsatira m'nyanja yamoto; koma kubweretsa olungamawo nthawi za ufumu, ndiye kuti, otsalawo, tsiku lopatulidwa lachisanu ndi chiwiri… Izi zidzachitika munthawi za ufumu, ndiye kuti, pa tsiku lachisanu ndi chiwiri… Sabata lowona la olungama… Iwo omwe adawona Yohane, wophunzira wa Ambuye, [tiwuzeni] kuti adamva kuchokera kwa Iye momwe Ambuye amaphunzitsira ndi kuyankhulira nthawi zino…  —St. Irenaeus wa ku Lyons, Abambo a Tchalitchi (140-202 AD); Adamsokoneza Haereses, Irenaeus waku Lyons, V.33.3.4, Abambo a Mpingowu, CIMA Yofalitsa Co .; (St. Irenaeus anali wophunzira wa St. Polycarp, yemwe ankadziwa ndi kuphunzira kuchokera kwa Mtumwi Yohane ndipo pambuyo pake anadzakhala bishopu wa ku Smurna ndi John.)

Malangizo: Chaka Chachisangalalo cha 2000 chinali chizindikiro chakumapeto kwa Tsiku lachisanu ndi chimodzi. ^[4]Abambo a Tchalitchi sanawerengere izi mu ziwerengero zolimba, zenizeni koma monga wamba. Aquinas alemba kuti, "Monga ananenera Augustine, m'badwo wotsiriza wapadziko lapansi ukufanana ndi gawo lotsiriza la moyo wamunthu, lomwe silikhala zaka zingapo monga magawo ena onse, koma limakhala nthawi zina bola ngati enawo pamodzi, ndipo kupitilira apo. Chifukwa chake m'badwo wotsiriza wadziko lapansi sungaperekedwe kwa zaka kapena mibadwo yokhazikika. ” -Zokambirana za Quaestiones, Vol. Wachiwiri De Potentia, Q.5, n. 5 Ichi ndichifukwa chake Woyera Yohane Paulo Wachiwiri adayitanitsa achinyamata kuti akhale "alonda am'mawa omwe amalengeza za kubwera kwa dzuwa yemwe ndi Khristu Woukitsidwa!"^[5]Uthenga wa Atate Woyera kwa Achinyamata Padziko Lonse, XVII World Youth Day, n. 3; (onaninso 21: 11-12) - “'Alonda mam'mawa' kumayambiriro kwa Zakachikwi zatsopano.”^[6]Novo Millenio Inuente9, Jan. 6, 2001 Ichi ndichifukwa chake Abambo a Tchalitchi adamvetsetsa ulamuliro wa "zaka chikwi" wa St. John atamwalira Wokana Kristu (Chiv 20: 6) kukhazikitsa "tsiku lachisanu ndi chiwiri" kapena "Tsiku la Ambuye." 

Onani, Tsiku la Ambuye lidzakhala zaka chikwi. —Kulemba kwa Baranaba, Abambo a Mpingowu, Ch. 15

Ndiponso,

... tsiku lathu lino, lomwe lili ndi malire ndi kutuluka kwa dzuwa, kulowa kwadzuwa, ndikuyimira tsiku lalikuru lomwe kuzungulira kwazaka chikwi kumazungulira. -Lactantius, Abambo a Tchalitchi: The Divine Institutes, Buku VII, Kachou Fuugetsu Chapter 14, Catholic Encyclopedia; www.newadvent.org

Pambuyo pake a Augustine amatsimikizira chiphunzitso choyambirira cha atumwi ichi:

… Ngati kuti ndi chinthu choyenera kuti oyera mtima azisangalala ndi kupumula kwa Sabata nthawi imeneyi, yopumula yopindulitsa pambuyo pa zaka XNUMX kuchokera pamene munthu analengedwa… (ndipo) zikuyenera kutsata pomaliza zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi Zaka chikwi, ngati masiku asanu ndi limodzi, mtundu wa Sabata la masiku achisanu ndi chiwiri mzaka chikwi zotsatirazi… Ndipo lingaliro ili silingakhale lotsutsa, ngati kukhulupilira kuti zisangalalo za oyera mtima, mu Sabata lija, zidzakhala zauzimu, ndipo zotsatira zake Pamaso pa Mulungu… —St. Augustine wa ku Hippo (354-430 AD; Doctor Doctor), De Civival Dei, Bk. XX, Ch. 7, Yunivesite ya Katolika ya America Press

M'zaka zapitazi, pafupifupi apapa onse alankhula za "mtendere" ukubwera, "mtendere", kapena "kubwezeretsa" mwa Khristu komwe kudzagonjetse dziko lapansi ndikupereka mpumulo ku Mpingo, titero kunena kwake, za ntchito zake

Ikafika, idzakhala ola lathunthu, lalikulu limodzi lokhala ndi zotsatirapo osati pakubwezeretsa Ufumu wa Khristu kokha, komanso kuti mtendere wa dziko lapansi ukhale bata. Timapemphera mwakhama kwambiri, ndipo tikufunsanso ena kuti apempherere kukhazikika kumeneku komwe anthu akufuna. —PAPA PIUS XI, Ubi Arcani dei Consilioi “Pa Mtendere wa Kristu mu Ufumu Wake”, December 23, 1922

O! pamene mumzinda ndi mudzi uliwonse lamulo la Ambuye limasungidwa mokhulupirika, pamene ulemu uperekedwa kwa zinthu zopatulika, pamene Masakramenti amapitidwa pafupipafupi, ndipo malamulo a moyo wachikhristu akukwaniritsidwa, sipadzakhalanso chifukwa china choti tigwiritsire ntchito zina onani zinthu zonse zobwezeretsedwa mwa Khristu… Zonsezi, Abale Olemekezeka, Timakhulupirira ndikuyembekeza ndi chikhulupiriro chosagwedezeka. —PAPA PIUS X, E Supremi, Encyclical "Pa Kubwezeretsa Zinthu Zonse", n. 14, 6-7

Mutha kuwerenga zambiri za maulosi awo mu Mapapa ndi Dzuwa Lakutha. 

Komabe, nchiyani chimatulutsa Mpumulo wa Sabata? Kodi ndi “nthawi yopumula” chabe kunkhondo ndi mikangano? Kodi ndikungokhala kusowa kwa chiwawa ndi kuponderezana, makamaka kwa Satana yemwe adzamangidwa pa nthawi imeneyi kuphompho (Chiv 20: 1-3)? Ayi, ndizoposa pamenepo: Mpumulo weniweni wa Sabata udzakhala chipatso cha chiwukitsiro za Chifuniro Chaumulungu mwa munthu amene Adamu anataya…

Umu ndi momwe zochita zonse za chikonzero choyambirira cha Mlengi zidafotokozedwera: chilengedwe chomwe Mulungu ndi mwamuna, mwamuna ndi mkazi, umunthu ndi chilengedwe zimagwirizana, kukambirana, mgonero. Dongosolo ili, lokhumudwitsidwa ndi tchimo, lidatengedwa modabwitsa ndi Khristu, Yemwe akuchita izi modabwitsa koma moyenera pakadali pano, mukuyembekeza kuti mukwaniritse ...—POPE JOHN PAUL II, Omvera Onse, pa February 14, 2001

 

SABATA LOONA LIPUMULA

Mu ndime imodzi yotonthoza kwambiri mu Chipangano Chatsopano, Yesu akuti: 

Idzani kuno kwa Ine nonsenu akulema ndi akuthodwa, ndipo Ine ndidzakupumulitsani inu. Senzani goli langa ndipo phunzirani kwa ine, chifukwa ndine wofatsa ndi wodzichepetsa mtima; ndipo mudzapeza mpumulo wa inu nokha. Pakuti goli langa liri lofewa, ndi katundu wanga ali wopepuka. (Mat. 11: 28-30)

Kodi goli “losavuta” ndi chiyani komanso katundu “wopepuka”? Ndi Chifuniro Chaumulungu.

…Chifuniro changa chokha ndi mpumulo wakumwamba. —Jesus to Luisa, Volume 17, May 4th, 1925

Pakuti chifuniro cha munthu ndicho chimene chimabweretsa zowawa zonse ndi chisokonezo cha moyo. 

Mantha, kukaikira ndi mantha ndi zomwe zimakulamulirani - nsanza zonse zomvetsa chisoni za chifuniro chanu chaumunthu. Ndipo mukudziwa chifukwa chake? Chifukwa moyo wathunthu wa Chifuniro Chaumulungu sunakhazikitsidwe mwa inu - moyo womwe, kuthamangitsa zoyipa zonse za chifuniro chaumunthu, umakupangitsani kukhala osangalala ndikudzaza ndi madalitso onse omwe ali nawo. O, ngati ndi lingaliro lolimba musankha kusaperekanso moyo ku chifuniro chanu chaumunthu, mudzawona zoyipa zonse zikufa mkati mwanu ndipo zinthu zonse zidzakhalanso ndi moyo. -Dona Wathu Wotumikira Mulungu Luisa Piccarreta, Namwali Maria mu Ufumu wa Chifuniro Chaumulungu, tsiku 3

Yesu akuti, "Tengani goli langa ndipo phunzirani kwa ine." Kwa Yesu, goli linali chifuniro cha Atate wake. 

Ndinatsika kumwamba osati kudzachita chifuniro changa koma chifuniro cha amene anandituma. (Juwau 6:38)

Chifukwa chake, Khristu adatipatsa chitsanzo cha mgwirizano za chifuniro chaumunthu ndi Chifuniro Chaumulungu monga kuchuluka kwa mgwirizano wamkati.

… Mwa Khristu mumakwaniritsidwa dongosolo la zinthu zonse, mgwirizano wakumwamba ndi dziko lapansi, monga Mulungu Atate amafunira kuyambira pachiyambi. Ndi kumvera kwa Mulungu Mwana Omwe adakhazikika komwe kumakhazikitsanso, kubwezeretsa, kuyanjana koyambirira kwa munthu ndi Mulungu ndipo, chifukwa chake, mtendere mdziko lapansi. Kumvera kwake kumagwirizanitsanso zinthu zonse, 'zinthu zakumwamba ndi zapadziko lapansi.' - Cardinal Raymond Burke, kulankhula ku Roma; Meyi 18th, 2018; moyo-match.com

Ngati pulaneti Dziko Lapansi lingatuluke mumlengalenga wake ngakhale pamlingo umodzi, lingasokoneze moyo wonse mu chisokonezo. Momwemonso, tikamachita chilichonse mwa chifuniro chathu chopanda Chifuniro Chaumulungu, moyo wathu wamkati umasokonekera - timataya mtendere wamkati kapena "mpumulo". Yesu ndiye "munthu wangwiro" ndendende chifukwa zonse zomwe adachita zinali mu chifuniro cha Mulungu. Zomwe Adamu adataya posamvera, Yesu adazikonzanso pomvera. Ndipo potero, dongosolo lachinsinsi la Mulungu lomwe likuchitika "munthawi ino" ndikuti, kudzera mu Ubatizo, munthu aliyense amayitanidwa kuti akhale nawo mu "Thupi la Khristu" kuti moyo wa Yesu ukhale mwa iwo - ndiye kuti, kudzera mu mgwirizano wa munthu ndi Umulungu m'modzi Chifuniro Chokha.

Mu moyo wake wonse Yesu amadzionetsera ngati chitsanzo chathu. Iye ndiye “munthu wangwiro”… Khristu amatithandiza kukhala mwa iye zonse zomwe adakhalamo, ndipo akhala mwa ife. Mwa thupi lake, iye, Mwana wa Mulungu, walumikizana mwanjira inayake ndi munthu aliyense. Tidayitanidwa kuti tikhale amodzi ndi iye, chifukwa amatipangitsa ife monga ziwalo za Thupi lake kugawana zomwe adatikhalira mu thupi lake monga chitsanzo chathu: Tiyenera kupitiliza kukwaniritsa mwa ife tokha magawo a moyo wa Yesu ndi zinsinsi ndipo nthawi zambiri timamupempha kuti achite bwino ndikuzizindikira mwa ife ndi mu Mpingo wake wonse. Ili ndiye dongosolo lakukwaniritsa zinsinsi zake mwa ife. -Katekisma wa Mpingo wa Katolika, n. 520-521

… Kufikira tonse tidzafika ku umodzi wa chikhulupiriro, ndi chidziwitso cha Mwana wa Mulungu, kufikira uchikulire, kufikira msinkhu wathunthu wa Khristu… (Aefeso 4:13)

Mwachidule, Mpumulo wa Sabata udzaperekedwa ku Mpingo pamene Umwana Weniweni wabwezeretsedwera kwa iye kotero kuti mgwirizano woyambirira wa chilengedwe umabwezedwa. Ndikukhulupirira kuti izi zidzabwera kudzera mu "Pentekoste wachiwiri, "Monga apapa akhala akupempha kwazaka zopitilira zana - pomwe Mzimu" adzakonzanso nkhope ya dziko lapansi. "^[7]cf. Kutsika Kobwera Kwa Chifuniro Chaumulungu Kudzera mu mavumbulutso a Yesu ku Luisa Piccarreta, timvetsetsa kuti "kukula kwathunthu" kwenikweni ndikubwezeretsa kwa "mphatso yakukhala mwa Chifuniro Chaumulungu" chomwe Adam adataya. Ambuye wayitana ichi “Korona, ndi kukwaniritsidwa kwa malo ena onse opatulika” ^[8]Epulo 8, 1918; Vol. 12 yomwe wapatsa anthu ake kwa zaka mazana ambiri, kuyambira ndi "Fiats" ya Chilengedwe ndi Chiwombolo, ndipo tsopano ikukwaniritsidwa kudzera mu "Fiat of Sanctification" mu nthawi yotsiriza.

Mibadwo sidzatha kufikira chifuniro changa chikalamulira padziko lapansi ... FIAT yachitatu ipatsa chisomo choterocho kwa cholengedwa kuti chimupangitse kubwerera ku chiyambi; Ndipokhapo, ndikawona munthu monga m'mene adachokera kwa Ine, ntchito yanga idzakhala yathunthu, ndipo ndidzapumula kosatha mu FIAT yomaliza. —Yesu kupita ku Luisa, pa February 22, 1921, Voliyumu 12

Zowonadi, sikuti munthu adzangopeza Mpumulo wake wa Sabata mu Chifuniro Chaumulungu, koma modabwitsa, Mulungu, ayambiranso mpumulo Wake mwa ife. Uwu ndiye mgwirizano waumulungu womwe Yesu adafuna pomwe adati, "Ngati musunga malamulo anga, mudzakhala m'chikondi changa, monga ine ndasunga malamulo a Atate wanga ndikukhala m'chikondi chawo ... kuti chimwemwe changa chikhale mwa inu kuti chimwemwe chanu chikhale chathunthu ” (Yohane 15: 10-11).

… Mu chikondi ichi ndimapeza Chikondi changa chenicheni, ndimapeza mpumulo Wanga weniweni. Luntha langa limakhala mu nzeru za iye amene amandikonda; Mtima wanga, chikhumbo changa, manja anga ndi mapazi anga zikutsalira mu mtima womwe umandikonda, mu zikhumbo zomwe zimandikonda, ndikukhumba Ine ndekha, mmanja omwe amandigwirira ntchito, komanso m'mapazi omwe amangoyenda Ine. Chifukwa chake, pang'ono ndi pang'ono, ndimapuma mkati mwa mzimu womwe umandikonda; pomwe mzimu, ndi chikondi chake, umandipeza kulikonse komanso m'malo aliwonse, ukupumula kwathunthu mwa Ine. —Ibid., Meyi 30, 1912; Gawo 11

Mwanjira imeneyi, mawu a "Atate wathu" pomaliza adzakwaniritsidwa monga gawo lomaliza la Mpingo dziko lisanathe…

… Tsiku lirilonse mu pemphero la Atate Wathu timapempha Ambuye: “Kufuna kwanu kuchitidwe, monga Kumwamba chomwecho pansi pano” (Mateyu 6:10)…. timazindikira kuti "kumwamba" ndipamene chifuniro cha Mulungu chimachitika, ndikuti "dziko lapansi" limakhala "kumwamba" - inde, malo opezekapo achikondi, abwino, a chowonadi ndi a kukongola kwaumulungu - pokhapokha padziko lapansi chifuniro cha Mulungu chachitika. -POPE BENEDICT XVI, Omvera Onse, pa 1 February, 2012, Vatican City

 

YAM'MBUYO YOTSATIRA

Tsiku lachisanu ndi chimodzi

Kulengedwa Kobadwanso

Millenarianism - Zomwe zili komanso ayi

Momwe Nyengo idatayika

Wokondedwa Atate Woyera… Akubwera!

Faustina, ndi Tsiku la Ambuye

 

 

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